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Effect of High Protein Supplementation on Growth and Nutrient Digestibility of Broiler

Hossain M A
Department of Dairy & Poultry Science, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal sciences University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh

I Zulkifli
Institute of Tropical Agriculture; Universiti Putra Malaysia; 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia

A F Soleimani
Institute of Tropical Agriculture; Universiti Putra Malaysia; 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was undertaken to compare the growth performance and nutrient digestibility (energy, protein and amino acid) of broilers fed diets containing only vegetable protein (soybean) with birds that received Pro-EL as protein supplement in their diets. Day-old male broiler chicks (n=60; Cobb 500) were randomly distributed into 2 dietary treatment groups, namely control (T1) and supplemented (T2) diets, with 5 birds per replication in a CRD. Birds had a free access to iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous starter diets in cages up to 21d. The results of FI, LW, LWG and FCR of broilers up to 21 days were poorer (P<0.01) on T2 diet than the broilers fed on T1 diet. The ileal nutrient digestibility of GE and CP was identical (P>0.05), but the majority of the AAs digestibility values were influenced (P<0.05; P<0.01) by treatments except for Gly, Thr, Cys, Val, Ile, Leu, and Phe. The digestibility of Asp, His, Arg, Ala, Pro, Ser, Glu, Tyr and Lys was impaired (P<0.05; P<0.01) in the T2 diet compared to T1 diet except for Met, which was improved (P<01) in T2 diet. It can be concluded that the negative response of broilers fed on protein supplemented diet might arise from the reduced nutrient digestibility of the diet.

Keywords: Growth, Pro-el, Nutrient digestibility, Broiler chicken

Location: Chittagong Veterinary and Animal sciences University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Protein

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to investigate the gross responses and the apparent ileal digestibility of gross energy (GE), crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AAs) of protein supplemented diet (Pro-EL) diets fed the broiler chickens.

Methodology:

Animal Husbandry and experimental design A total of sixty (Cobb 500) day-old male broiler chicks were procured from a local commercial hatchery to conduct this experiment up to 21 days. The chicks were weighed on receipt, and then equally assigned to two dietary treatment groups (T1 and T2), each diet replicated 6 times with five birds per replication in a completely randomized block design (CRD). All the chicks were allotted into 12 battery cages within an open-sided housing condition. The chicks were fed a broiler starter diet from day1 to 21d (Table 1). The following two diets were used: (i) standard corn-soybean based broiler diet (control, T1) and (ii) broiler diet containing 15% Pro-EL (T2 or test diet). Both diets were iso-caloric and iso nitrogenous in nature and contained titanium dioxide (TiO2) as marker to enable assessment of nutrient digestibility (GE, CP, AAs). Birds had a free access to feed (mash) and water entire the trial period. Data collection Live weight, feed intake and feed conversion ration were calculated weekly, to assess the gross responses of the broiler chicks. Three chicks from each replicate cage on day 21, were selected randomly, weighed and killed by humanely to collect ileal digesta contents from the ileum of the birds. Collected digesta were pooled by pen in a plastic container and later dried by freeze –dryer machine. The dried samples were ground to pass through a 0.5 mm sieve, and stored in airtight containers at -20^oC for chemical analyses. Composition of Pro-EL ingredient (analyzed value) It’s a synthetic protein supplement which contains ME, 3200 Kcal/kg, CP, 84.12%, NPN, 3.42%, lysine 4.6%, methionine 3.0 %, cysteine 0.013%, leucine 5.3%, histidine, 1.27%, threonine 2.73 %, valine 3.3%, glycine 2.26%, arginine 4.3%. Chemical analyses The starter diets and digesta samples were analyzed for GE, CP and AA digestibility. Samples were dried at 105 ^oC in a drying oven for 24h for dry matter (DM) determination. The titanium dioxide (TiO2) concentrations in the diets and digest samples were measured after ashing the samples and treating the ash with boiling 7.4 M sulphuric acid according to the method of Short et al. (1996). Gross energy content of diets and ileal digesta were determined using an IKA bomb calorimeter (IKA-WERKE, C7000, Staufen, Germany). Nitrogen content of the samples was determined by Kjeldahl method using standard laboratory procedures (AOAC, 2000). Crude protein (CP) equivalent was calculated as N (%) × 6.25. The AAs concentrations of diets and ileal digesta samples were analyzed following the procedure as described by Strydom and Cohen(1994), using the pre-column derivatization method (AccQ Tag, Waters, Milford, Ma, USA), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cysteine and methionine were analyzed as cysteic acid and methionine sulfone by oxidation with performic acid for 16 h at 4°C, and neutralization with hydrobromic acid before hydrolysis. The apparent ileal digestibility coefficient of nutrients (GE, CP and AAs) was calculated using the equations. Statistical analyses All collected data were statistically analyzed using Minitab software (Minitab Version 16, 2000). The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with diet as factor. The significance of differences between means was determined by Fisher’s least significant differenceP≤.05.

Source of Information: Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2017. 46 (1): 44-50

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Birds fed on protein supplemented diet responded negatively as a result of impaired feed consumption, body growth, feed conversion ratio and poor nutrient (AAs) digestibility of the broiler chickens. Although birds had a negative responses on the current level of protein supplement in the diet, further study may be undertaken to observe the different level of high protein supplement (Pro-EL) inclusion in poultry diet and its productivity including suitability.

Knowledge Management: Journal