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Threats to Aquatic Faunal Diversity Due to Shrimp Penaeus Monodon Post Larva Collection in Kuakata Sea Beach of Patuakhali

MM Hasan
Department of Coastal and Marine Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

MS Islam
Department of Coastal and Marine Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

MM Islam
Department of Coastal and Marine Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

A Khanam
Department of Coastal and Marine Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

M Akter
Department of Coastal and Marine Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To assess the abundance of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) post larvae (PL) and to quantify the damage of different aquatic fauna during collection of shrimp PL. About 37 PL of other shrimps, 11 fin fish larvae and 31 macrozooplankton were wasted during collection of a single shrimp PL. During the survey period, around 1.55 million man days/year were estimated to be involved in shrimp PL collection activities and on average 216 million of shrimp PL were collected annually from the studied area. About 17,064 million of other shrimps, fin fishes and macrozooplankton were destroyed annually by shrimp seed collectors in Kuakata beach. Variation in water surface temperature and pH was not found but salinity and hardness showed great fluctuation during the study period. Water temperature, salinity and pH are significantly (p<0.01) correlated with shrimp PL abundance. Therefore, the results imply that present seed collection practice causes severe damage of other valuable aquatic fauna, which directly affect the faunal diversity, natural productivity and self recruitment pattern of mother stock.

Keywords: Shrimp, Fin fish, Macrozooplankton, Biodiversity

Location: Kuakata beach of Kalapara Upazila of Patuakhali, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-09-2017

End Date: 00-08-2018

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Aquatic animal, Shrimp

Objectives:

1. To assess the abundance of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) post larvae (PL) and

2. To quantify the damage of different aquatic fauna during collection of shrimp PL.

Methodology:

The study area of this research covering the entire Kuakata beach of Patuakhali. It lies between latitude 21°52´N and 22°00´N and longitude 90°08´E and 90°16´E. For samples collection, three different spots in Kuakata beach of Kalapara Upazila of Bangladesh were selected. Monthly intervals sampling was made using a rectangular drag net of nylon netting (mesh size 0.3 mm) and bamboo split structure (1.6 × 0.6 m). Sample was taken in the course of full-moon and new-moon. The net was operated in shallow water of the beach. Each hauling time was 10 minutes. Two samples were collected at the time during low and high tides. Samples were immediately stored in plastic pot and preserved in 5% neutralized formalin after collection for sorting shrimp PL, larvae of fin fishes, shell fish and other organisms. Salinity of water of each spot was measured using a portable Refractometer (ATAGO, S/Mill-E). Water temperature and pH were estimated using an alcohol thermometer and a digital pH meter (HANNA Company, America), respectively. Total hardness of water was determined titrimetrically using a standard solution of EDTA-0.800 M and Manver 2. The samples collection period started from September, 2017 and were continued up to August, 2018. Samples were brought into the Water quality and biological laboratory of Department of Coastal and Marine Fisheries under Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet for analysis and it was performed within two weeks from the date of collection. Penaeid shrimp larvae were identified up to species level following Muthu (1978) and Motoh and Buri (1980). Macrozooplankters including other shrimp species and fin fishes were identified as major taxonomic groups following Fischer and Witchead (1974), George (1969) and Quddush and Shafi (1998). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 20 and correlation was determined through t test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 273-283, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v47i2.44338

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is apparent that many shrimp species and other aquatic organisms are at risk due to overfishing and other anthropogenic activities. On the other hand, fishing efforts has an increasing trend. Initiatives for shrimp PL conservation so far taken, seems to be not enough for sustainable abundance of shrimp PL. This is due to huge number of fry collectors with numerous fishing nets engaged in shrimp PL harvesting. However, it could be concluded that for the sustainable availability of shrimp PL, fishing effort to be reduced in addition to strict regulation on the mesh size of nets and release of unwanted species back to the water should be ensured through concerned authority. Destruction of valuable organisms with targeted shrimp PL should be broadcast through mass media. Only conscious coastal people should be allowed to catch shrimp PL with legal and appropriate crafts and gears in a particular area and in particular months of a year.

Knowledge Management: Journal