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Distribution and Diversity of Mollusca at Migratory Bird Visiting and Non-visiting Lakes of Jahngirnagar University, Savar

Shakila Sharmin
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md Niamul Naser
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Syed Hafizur Rahman
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to compare mollusc diversity in migratory bird visiting and non-visiting lakes of Jahangir nagar University campus, Savar, Bangladesh from July, 2016 to June, 2017. A total of 13 species belonging to 6 families under 2 classes of Mollusca were encountered. The class Gastropoda dominated the faunal composition (91%) with 11 species under 5 families and the class Bivalvia constituting (9%) with 2 species under single family. Among them Bellamya bengalensis, Lymnaea accuminata, Indoplnorbis exeutus, Gyraulus convexiusculus, Melanoides tuberculata and Lamellidens marginalis were the most dominating taxa. The highest number of molluscan taxa was from the family Viviparidae (3 spp.) 29% followed by Planorbidae (2 spp.) 27%, Lymnaedae (3 spp.) 23%, Unionidae (2 spp.) 9%, Thiaridae (1 sp.) 8% and lowest from Piladae (2 spp.) 4%. Seasonal variation showed maximum density in the summer and minimum in the monsoon. Correlation (p> 0.05) indicate that B. bengalensis, L. accuminata, I. exustus, L. marginalis had close dependency to soil pH, soil organic Carbon, Soil organic matter and sand particle whereas M. tuberculata and G. convexiusculus show significant positive correlation with silt and clay particle. Biodiversity indices indicating low species diversity and richness of molluscs in both migratory bird visiting and non-visiting lakes. These findings emphasized the importance of protection and management of molluscs fauna in the lakes for supporting the food for the migratory birds.

Keywords: Mollusca, Biodiversity, Migratory birds, Wetlands

Location: Jahangirnagar University (JU), Savar, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-07-2016

End Date: 00-06-2017

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To determine their relationship with some selected lake parameters at Jahangirnagar University campus Savar, Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experimental work was carried out in six selected lakes of Jahangirnagar University (JU), Savar, Bangladesh. The area stands on the western side of the Asian Highway (popularly known as the Dhaka-Aricha highway) and 32 kilometers north away from Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. The study was carried out from July 2016 to June 2017 with two replication from each site between 8:30 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. Collected monthly data were presented under three seasons: monsoon (July-October), winter (November-February) and summer (March-June) relating with the visit of migratory birds. Molluscs were collected by using an Ekman Dredge (covering an area of 225 sq. cm) with two replications from each site and the sediments were sieved using a sieve mesh of 0.5 mm. A dip net (30 cm × 40 cm) was also used to collect snail from aquatic vegetation if necessary. The molluscs were then washed in situ and transported to Bergen laboratory of Zoology, University of Dhaka and preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol or in 5% formaldehyde. In laboratory they were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics of shell and taxa recognized by Preston (1915), Subba Rao (1989), Ahmed (2003), Ramkhrishna and Dey (2007), Prabhakar and Roy (2008) and Siddique et al. (2007). Species were identified by using of a stereo microscope and photographed by a digital camera and relative sizes of identified snail were depicted in mm. The abundance of molluscs was expressed as density (ind/m²). Sediments were collected using a Ekman Dredge with two replication from each site between 8:30 am to 12:00 a.m. at a depth of 20- 30 cm. The pH of freshly collected moist soil was determined by using Griffin pH meter (Model no.40), Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) content was estimated by following Walkley and Black’s (1934) wet oxidation method as described by Snyder and Trofymow (1984) and Soil Organic Matter (SOM) was determined by multiplying the percentage of Organic Carbon with conventional van Bemmelen’s factor of 1.724 (Piper 1950). Soil textures were determined by Hydrometer method (Bouyoucos 1962). Correlation between dominant species of molluscs and sediment quality were analyzed by using Pearson correlation (Islam 2001) aided by the Microsoft Excel 2010 software. The significance level was set at p < 0.05.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 355-366, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v47i2.44346

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the six lakes, the density and diversity of molluscs were observed and the relationships obtained in this study it is clear that there is a close harmony between distribution of molluscs and sediment quality. The low species diversity and species richness in lake-1, lake-4 and lake-5 were probably due to deeper, weed less water body associated with low organic carbon and low organic matter. Such low molluscs population may be therefore have profound effects on the ecological status of water bodies. So, long-term monitoring of molluscs is required to develop the ongoing abundance, diversity and protection of these lakes for migratory birds. The findings of the present study could be useful for better management and design of conservation of aquatic bird’s fauna in the lakes. Besides future research needs to continue to look at the habitat locations of the different species of freshwater mollusca in relation to aquatic vegetation.

Knowledge Management: Journal