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Research Detail

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Abu Hena Muhammad Yousuf
Environment and Climate Change Lab., Department of Oceanography, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Md. Kawser Ahmed
Environment and Climate Change Lab., Department of Oceanography, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Goutam K. Kundu
Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Sadia Hoque
Annesa Research Center, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh

Climate change is regarded as the greatest long-term threat to the development of Bangladesh. The article provides an assessment of climate change and variability based on analysis of historical data of temperature and rainfall recorded at 34 meteorological stations located at seven regions in Bangladesh for the period of 1948-2011.  Analysis of temperature data showed an increasing trend in the yearly average temperature at majority of these stations. During this period, the yearly average temperature in the country increased by 0.52°C at a rate of 0.01°C per year. The magnitude of increase in monthly average temperature from 1976 to 20011 of the total study period was sharply higher than the average. Moreover, significant increase of maximum temperature was observed in Khulna and Barishal, whereas, minimum temperature was recorded in Sylhet and Rangpur. The rainfall difference from 1953 to 2011 was -107.71 mm. Post-monsoon rainfall showed an increasing trend during the period of 1953-2011 in majority of regions. In contrast, there was a decreasing trend in total rainfall during monsoon. There was no significant change in pre-monsoon total rainfall. In general, these trends are consistent with the general climate change predictions. The maximum rainfall significantly increased in Sylhet and Chittagong while minimum rainfall was recorded in Khulna and Rajshahi regions. The temperature and rainfall patterns are of great importance for an agro-based economy like Bangladesh. Moreover, these changes will threaten the significant achievements. There was an inverse and positive relationship between the average temperature and values of SOI and IOD. These observations are particularly significant in the context of Bangladesh where agriculture is heavily dependent on temperature and rainfall patterns.  
 

  Keywords Climate change, Temperature, Rainfall, SOI, IOD
  Dhaka, Tangail, Mymensingh, Faridpur, Madaripur, Srimongal, Sylhet, Bogra, Ishurdi, Rajshahi, Dinajpur, Rangpur, Sayedpur, Chuadanga, Jessore, Khulna, Mongla, Satkhira, Barisal, Bhola, Khapupara, Patuakhali, Chandpur, Chittagong, Comilla, Cox`s Bazar, Feni, Hatia, Kutubdia, Maijdi Court, Rangamati, Teknaf, Sandwip and Sitakunda of Bangladesh
  00-00-1948
  00-00-2011
  Risk Management in Agriculture
  Weather/Climate, Rainfall

To determine the Characteristics of Temperature and Rainfall in Bangladesh: A historical Perspective 1948-2011

The rainfall and temperature data for the time period of 1948 to 2011 were obtained from Storm Warning Centre (SWC), Dhaka of Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) on the basis of its 34 observation stations namely Dhaka, Tangail, Mymensingh, Faridpur, Madaripur, Srimongal, Sylhet, Bogra, Ishurdi, Rajshahi, Dinajpur, Rangpur, Sayedpur, Chuadanga, Jessore, Khulna, Mongla, Satkhira, Barisal, Bhola, Khapupara, Patuakhali, Chandpur, Chittagong, Comilla, Cox`s Bazar, Feni, Hatia, Kutubdia, Maijdi Court, Rangamati, Teknaf, Sandwip and  Sitakunda. In some instances there were some missing data which were filled by the long term monthly mean of the respective months. The time series of yearly rainfall and temperature were obtained from the time series of monthly data as the total of 12 months rainfall and temperature for the individual years. The temperature and rainfall pattern of the year round and during monsoon (i.e. June to September) were analyzed on the average of per year and every five years as well as ten years basis for the time scales as mentioned above. In addition that the analyses were done on the basis of two segments which were in the whole Bangladesh and among the seven regions, i.e. Rajshahi,  Barisal, Khulna, Rangpur, Dhaka, Chittagong, and Sylhet divisions. For regional analysis Khulna, Rajshai, Rangpur and Barisal divisions were considered as the west region while Dhaka, Chittagong, and Sylhet divisions were considered as east region. 

  Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 4, December 2015
  
Funding Source:
  

The current study concludes that both the temperature and rainfall in Bangladesh is increasing with noticeable alterations in their spatial distribution. The temporal and spatial variation in temperature and rainfall found in the present study enhances the necessity to address the issue of climate change in Bangladesh. This should be considered in setting and implementing the mitigation and adaptation strategies to meet the challenge of climate change. 

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