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Characterization of Rhizospheric and Non Rhizospheric Bacteria from Arsenic Contaminated Soil

Umma Mayda
Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh

Nazifa Tasnim
Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh

Rasheda Yasmin Shilpi
Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The rhizosphere soil has a large and various number of microorganisms especially the bacteria. This experiment was conducted at the department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, to investigate the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric bacteria from arsenic contaminated soil. Pteris vittata was treated with different concentrations of arsenic ranges from 5000 to 10000 ppm in the pot. The experimental result indicated that the negative correlation between arsenic concentration and rhizospheric soil bacteria. Highest number of bacteria (8.6×10⁸ cfu/g) were found in rhizospheric soil (control), while lowest numbers of bacteria (4.0×10⁷ cfu/g) were found in the non-rhizospheric soil with 10000 ppm arsenic. Thirty bacteria were isolated from rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil samples. Out of thirty samples Bacillus and Pseudomonas were selected on the basis of morphological and biochemical nature. The present study concluded that the arsenic has an adverse effect on the growth of rhizospheric soil bacteria.

Keywords: Characterization Pteris vittata, Rhizospheric soil, Non-rhizospheric soil, Arsenic Contaminated Soil

Location: Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Contamination of soil

Objectives:

The current study was undertaken to investigate the effect of arsenic on rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil bacteria.

Methodology:

Collection of samples: Rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil of Pteris vittata were collected from different pots containing and without containing arsenic. Then the soil was treated with 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 9000 and 10000 ppm arsenic. Sample was collected on the duration of 7, 14 and 21^th days interval. Soil was collected very carefully and preserved at 4°C. Isolation of soil bacteria and bacterial load determination: Soil bacteria were isolated by using serial dilution methods (MacLowry et al., 1970). Nutrient agar medium was used for isolation of bacteria and microbial load determination. Microbial load was determined from the total number of discrete colonies counted after incubation. Isolated colonies were counted in colony formation unit as Number of cfu/volume plated dilution factor. The bacterial colonies were observed to study various characters viz. colour, form, elevation, margin, surface etc. Purification and selection: Bacterial colonies were cultured on different selective and differential media such as: MacConkey, Bouillon agar, King’s B media. Different biochemical tests (Casein test, Fermentation test, Indole test, Starch hydrolysis test, Catalase test, API 20E) were also performed for bacterial identification. Results of the morphological, cultural and biochemical tests of selected isolates were analyzed following Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (Sneath et al., 1986).

Source of Information: Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(1): 9-15, 2019 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jujbs.v8i1.42463

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa have a heavy metal tolerance like cadmium which might be used as an ideal candidate for bioremediation and plant growth promotion against Cd-induced stress. Therefore, the identified Bacillus and Pseudomonas, which are arsenic resistant bacteria and also beneficial rhizosphere bacteria for plant growth and development. These two bacteria have the potential bioremediation capacity which might be used to remove arsenic from soil.

Knowledge Management: Journal