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Seasonal Variation of Salinity of Ground Water at Patenga Area of Chittagong District in Bangladesh

A Hoque
Department of Civil Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong

MA Hossen
Department of Civil Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong

MF Islam
Department of Civil Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong

MIU Mahmud
Department of Civil Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Availability of safe drinking water is scarce in the coastal areas of Bangladesh due to saltwater intrusion in fresh water aquifer. Patenga, a densely populated coastal area within Chittagong city corporation area, is not under the municipal water supply coverage. The groundwater of Patenga is contaminated by higher concentration of chloride and total dissolved solid. This study aims to investigate the water quality of the tube well based on its distance from flood protection embankment to observed saltwater intrusion in fresh water aquifer. Water sample were collected several times from different tube wells at patenga area based on tube well’s distance from embankment from February 2017 to August 2017 to observe the seasonal variation of water quality. It was found that chloride concentration, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids etc. are very high compared to the standard value for drinking purpose in Bangladesh. The chloride concentration also decreased as the distance of the tube-wells from embankment increased, which implies that tube well near to coast line has higher chloride concentration. It was also observed that chloride concentration in tube well water also increased during dry season. In this study, the location of the tubewell were considered only along a single alignment in the perpendicular direction of the coastal bank. The study can be further extended for more offsets both in the parallel and the perpendicular direction of the coastal bank for better understanding of the groundwater salinity intrusion.

Keywords: Coastal area, Chloride, Total dissolve solid, Salinity, Ground Water

Location: Patenga, Chittagong city

Start Date: 00-02-2017

End Date: 00-08-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management, Soil salinity

Objectives:

To determine remedial actions against drinking water problems from salinity

Methodology:

A literature review and preliminary survey was done through Chittagong city to explore extend of saline degraded drinking water. Patenga was selected as a study area because it is fairly close to seashore and there is no water supply facility from WASA. The housing colony area which is situated in the ward no. 40 was selected for the study. Then, ten tubewells have been selected for detailed investigation. To determine the existing water quality parameters related to salinity (Conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity and Concentration of chloride ions), water samples from those ten tube wells are collected at different time of the year. In the laboratory, pH, alkalinity, chloride concentration, color, turbidity, hardness, electric conductivity and TDS were tested immediately after collecting the sample. represents about details of the tubewell from where water were collected. Age and depth of well are presented according to information supplied by the owner of tubewell.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture, Vol. 30, Suppl. 1: 65-70, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/pa.v30i0.41559

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Salinity intrusion is an alarming issue in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. Although, Patenga is one of coastal areas under Chittagong City Corporation area, there is no coverage of city water supply in this area. So, ground water is the only option for drinking, cooking and other purpose. The water quality of Potenga is not suitable for both drinking and cooking purpose. It was found that the salinity of the groundwater in the inland from the sea-shore decreases with the distance from the coastal belt, except some nearby the coast line which indicates the possibility of the perched aquifer. It was also found that chloride concentration in tube well water also increased in dry season.

Knowledge Management: Journal