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Prevalence of Lameness in Cattle in Selected Areas of Bangladesh

M L Ali
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M Hasan
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M A H Miah
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S M Hanif
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

N S Juyena
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M A Hashim
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Prevalence of lameness was investigated in 1000 randomly selected cattle in Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) and different dairy farms in Boira Union, Mymensingh during January to December 2015. The aetiology, age [Cal≤f 1 year, 1 - 3 years, 3 - 5 years and >5 years], sex (male, female), different stages of cattle [Calves, Heifers, Pregnant cows, Lactating cows, Dry cows, and Bulls] and floor type (concrete, muddy floor, pavement, straw yard) were studied. Out of 1000 cattle examined, 111 (11.1%) showed lameness in different grades, with 82.0% slightly, 14.4% moderately and 3.6% severely lame. The aetiologies of lameness are upward fixation of patella, traumatic injury, foot and mouth disease (FMD) complications, arthritis, interdigital hyperplasia, interdigital dermatitis and interdigital necrobacillosis. Higher percentages of lameness were in hind limbs than fore limbs. Left hind limbs were more frequently affected than right hind limbs. Animals over 5 years of age were most vulnerable to lameness. Female especially high yielding cows were at higher risk (69.4%) than the male cattle (30.6%). Prevalence of lameness was higher when cattle were confided to the concrete floor than the muddy floor. Pregnant cows were the most vulnerable to lameness. It is suggested that aetiology, age, sex, different stages of cattle and floor type could be considered as risk factors causing lameness in cattle.

Keywords: Cattle, Lameness, Aetiology, Factors

Location: Dairy farms, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, BAU and different dairy farms in Boira Union, Mymensingh during January to December 2015.

Start Date: 01-01-2015

End Date: 31-12-2015

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of lameness in cattle dairy farms.

Methodology:

Experimental animals: This study was conducted in 1000 randomly selected cattle in the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Dairy Farm, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, BAU and different dairy farms in Boira Union, Mymensingh during January to December 2015. The parameters studied were aetiology, age [Calf≤1 year (n = 23), 1 - 3 years (n = 24), 3 - 5 years (n = 31) and >5 years (n = 33)], sex [male (n = 34) and female (n = 77)], different stages of cattle [Calves (n = 23), Heifers (n = 20), Pregnant cows (n = 15), Lactating cows (n = 35), Dry cows (n = 10), and Bulls (n = 8)] and floor type [concrete, muddy floor, pavement and straw yard]. Here ‘n’ denotes number of cattle with lameness in respective groups. Management Feeding and housing: The animals were allowed to graze for 2 hours daily. They were also supplied with fodder and concentrates. All animals had access to adequate amount of water. They mostly ate straw, green grass, silage, wheat bran and oil cake. Concentrates were provided twice a day. Dairy cow were reared in indoor farming system and allowed exercise for optimum time. Feeding and milking was carried out in the same barn. The barn was completely roofed well ventilated. The floor was non-slippery, hard and impervious, which were either brick-on-edge or concrete. A reinforced cement concrete trough was provided for watering the animals. Maternity pens were provided for cow nearing parturition. Adequate lighting arrangement was provided. A manger and water trough of proper size was constructed for each pen. Ambient temperature was required for calf rearing. The shed was adequately lighted. The calves were supplied with forage, concentrates and minerals and had access to sufficient water. Data collection: The following steps were performed for data collection - i. Collection of relevant epidemiological data. For each animal age, sex, breed, feeding 3o- = 099; habit, housing system, floor condition, affected site and season were recorded; ii. Determination of the sensitivity to hoof testers; and iii. Recording of all limbs with claw and foot lesions according to scoring system. Diagnosis of lameness: The limbs were examined by inspection, palpation and percussion to diagnose upward patellar fixation, traumatic injury, foot and mouth disease (FMD) complications, arthritis, interdigital hyperplasia, interdigital dermatitis and interdigital necrobacillosis. Detection and scoring of lameness: Subjective methods of lameness detection include locomotion scoring systems, which require observation of gait characteristics as cows are walking as described by Flower and Weary (2009). Statistical analysis: Descriptive analyses were done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.

Source of Information: The Bangladesh Veterinarian (2017) 34(1): 1 – 8

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded that upward patellar fixation (UPF), traumatic injury, FMD and arthritis are the major aetiology of lameness in cattle. Hind limbs were more frequently affected than the forelimbs. Pregnant cows over 5 years of age and concrete floor-type housing are the risk factors for lameness in cattle.

Knowledge Management: Journal