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In Vitro Evaluation of Biocontrol Agents and Fungicides on Wood Decay Fungiganoderma Associated with Mortality of Tree Legumes

M Bhadra
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh and Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University

A Khair
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342

MA Hossain
National Mushroom Development and Extension Center, Savar, Dhaka

MM Sikder
Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to isolate a number of biocontrol agent- Trichoderma spp. from infected spawn packets of oyster mushroom at National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. These bio-control agents were used as antagonist against four wild wood decay fungi of Ganoderma, viz., G. lucidum-1, G. lucidum-2, G. lucidum-3, G. applanatum and two cultivated G. lucidum-4, G.lucidum-6 under in vitro condition. An in vitro trial of Trichoderma spp. against Ganoderma were performed by dual culture, by treating with volatile, non-volatile and naturally untreated metabolites of bio-control agents. In dual culture, all the Trichoderma species showed 70- 100% mycelia inhibition of G. lucidum-1 and G. lucidum-2, 55.6-100% inhibition of G. lucidum-3, 20-66.7% of G. applanatum, 100% of G. lucidum-5, 75-100% of G. lucidum-6. Effects of heat killed extracts of Trichoderma spp. on growth of G. lucidum-2 (wild) and G. lucidum-6 (cultivated) were also evaluated. Fungicides Bavistin and Dithane M-45 were also used to investigate the mycelial growth inhibition of Ganoderma spp.

Keywords: Biocontrol, Ganoderma, Green mould, Trichoderma, Fungicides

Location: National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Fungicide

Objectives:

To evaluate the potential of fungicides as biological control agents (BCA) and fungicides against pathogenic Ganoderma to tree legumes.

Methodology:

On the basis of symptomatological study, four species of Trichoderma namely Trichoderma harzianum Rifai, T. koningii Oudem, T. viride (green strain) Pers., and T. viride (yellow strain) Pers. were collected from spent (infected) mushroom spawn packets of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacquinexfr.) Kummer at National Mushroom Development and Extension Center, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Ganoderma species namely; Ganoderma lucidum-1 (Curtis) P. Karst., Ganoderma lucidum-2 (Curtis) P. Karst., Ganoderma lucidum-3 (Curtis) P. Karst., and Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat., were isolated from Ganoderma infected Acacia auriculiormis L. and Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth trees of Jahangirnagar University Campus, Bangladesh. Two cultivated Ganoderma species were also collected from National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre (NAMDEC), Savar, Dhaka namely; Ganoderma lucidum-5 (Curtis) P. Karst., and Ganoderma lucidum-6 (Curtis) P. Karst. The morphological characterization of Trichoderma spp. isolated from oyster mushroom growing substrates was conducted based on morphology such as colonies, hyphae, conidiophores, phialides and conidia. Trichoderma harzianum was characterized according to Choi et al. (2003) and Barnet (1960). Others isolates of Trichoderma were characterized as described by Barnet (1960). During present study, Ganoderma spp. were classified on based of morphological characteristics of fruit body such as size and color, and stripe attachment patterns (Corner, 1983). The cultural and microscopic characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum was determined as according to Schwarze and Ferner (2003) and Fernando (2008). The efficacy of Trichoderma isolates were evaluated against Ganoderma (4 wild, 2 cultivated) by dual culture technique as described by Dennis and Webster (1971). The pathogens inoculated by the precolonized agar plate method as described by Forley and Deacon (1985). The effect of released volatile metabolites of Trichoderma isolates on the mycelial growth of the Ganoderma spp. were evaluated as method described by Dennis and Webster (1971). The effect of non-volatile metabolites on tested fungi were evaluated as according to Kaur et al. (2006). Effects of natural untreated metabolites by dipping culture disc method was performed as mentioned by Ashrafuzzaman and Aminur (1992). There are different concentrations (30, 50 and 70 ppm) of fungicides, namely Bavistin and Dithane M-45 were used to see the mycelial growth inhibition of Ganoderma spp. on PDA medium using food poison technique. All of the inoculated and non-inoculated plates were incubated at 28±2ºC and percent of mycelia inhibition was calculated as the formula given by Kaur et al. (2006). Mycelial inhibition (%) = C-T/C x 100; Where, C=Radial growth of control plates T = Radial growth of treated plates.

Source of Information: Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 6 (2): 31-35, December, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v6i2.31702

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded that both biocontrol agent- Trichoderma and Bavistin were found to be effective to control Ganoderma infection. Therefore, either utilization of Trichoderma or Bavistin is preferable to control stem and root rot of higher plant like tree legume.

Knowledge Management: Journal