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Forms and Placement of Nitrogen Fertilizers Influence Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of BRRI Dhan49 Under Continuous Flooded Condition

M. R. Islam*
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh-2202

M. P. Akhter
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh-2202

A. Huda
Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

M. A. Hashem
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh-2202

M. A. Asad
Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during Aman season of 2016 to evaluate the effects of deep placement of N fertilizers in the form of USG and NPK briquettes in comparison with PU on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of BRRI dhan49. The soil was silt loam in texture having pH 6.27, organic matter content 1.95% and total N 0.136%. The experiment was laid out in a RCBD with eight treatments and three replications. The PU was applied in three equal splits. The USG and NPK briquettes were deep placed at 10 DAT and the briquettes were placed at 8-10 cm depth between four hills at alternate rows. The maximum grain yield of 5981 kg ha^-1 was recorded in T3 which was statistically similar with T2 and T6. The highest straw yield of 6381 kg ha^-1 was observed in T3. The lowest grain yield (3265 kg ha^-1) and straw yield (4280 kg ha^-1) was recorded in T3. The deep placement of USG and NPK briquettes enhanced both the recovery of applied N and N use efficiency in comparison with broadcast application of prilled urea.

Keywords: BRRI dhan49, Nitrogen fertilizer, T. aman rice

Location: Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the Aman season of 2016

Start Date: 00-08-2016

End Date: 00-12-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Rice

Objectives:

The specific objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effect of deep placement of N fertilizers on the yield components, yield, N recovery and N use efficiency of BRRI dhan49.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the Aman season of 2016. The study was performed to evaluate the effects of deep placement of N fertilizers in the form of urea super granule (USG) and NPK briquettes in comparison with prilled urea (PU) on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of BRRI dhan49. The soil of the experimental site belongs to the Sonatala series under the AEZ of Old Brahmaputra Floodplain. The soil was silt loam in texture having pH 6.27, organic matter content 1.95% and total N 0.136%. The treatments were T1 (Control), T2 (PU, 104 kg N ha^-1), T3 (USG, 104 kg N ha^-1), T4 (USG 78 kg N ha^-1), T5 (USG, 52 kg N ha^-1), T6 (NPK briquettes, 104 kg N ha^-1), T7 (NPK briquettes, 78 kg N ha^-1) and T8 (NPK briquettes, 52 kg N ha^-1). All the treatments except T6, T7 and T8 received 16 kg P and 42 kg K ha^-1 TSP and MoP, respectively. In T6, T7 and T8 treatments, P and K were supplied from NPK briquettes. BRRI dhan49, a high yielding variety of rice was used as a test crop. Forty day-old seedlings were transplanted in the plots maintaining a spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. All the fertilizers except urea i.e. TSP, MoP, gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied as basal doses in all the plots at final land preparation. Prilled urea was applied in three equal splits. The USG and NPK briquettes were deep placed at 10 DAT and the briquettes were placed at 8-10 cm depth between four hills at alternate rows. The first dose of PU was applied at 10 days after transplanting (DAT); the second dose was added as top dressing at 35 DAT (active tillering stage) and the third dose was top-dressed at 55 DAT (panicle initiation stage). Intercultural operations such as irrigation, weeding, pest control etc. were done as and when required. The crop was harvested at maturity. The grain yield was assessed with 14% moisture basis while the straw yield was recorded on sundry basis. Five hills were selected randomly from each plot and data on plant height, tillers hill^-1, panicle length, grains panicle^-1 and 1000-grain weight were recorded. The N content in rice grain and straw was determined by Semi-micro Kjeldahl method (Bremner and Mulvaney, 1982). Nitrogen uptakes, apparent nitrogen recovery and nitrogen use efficiency were calculated from N content and yield data. The collected data were analyzed statistically by F-test to examine the treatment effects and mean differences were examined by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1&2):53–58, 2018 ISSN 1999-7361

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Achievement/Findings:

The overall results indicate that the highest grain yield of BRRI dhan49 was found in T3 (USG, 104 kg N ha^-1) which was statistically similar with T2 (PU, 104 kg N ha^-1) and T6 (NPK briquettes, 104 kg N ha^-1). The maximum N uptake was also observed in T3. On the contrary, treatment T5 showed the maximum apparent N recovery and maximum N use efficiency as compared to other treatments. The recovery of applied N obtained from T3 was approximately similar to T5. The deep placement of USG and NPK briquettes enhanced the recovery of applied N and N use efficiency in comparison with broadcast application of PU fertilizers. As a consequence, the grain yield of BRRI dhan49 was increased to a significant extent. Based on grain yield and apparent N recovery, the treatment T3 (USG, 104 kg N ha^-1), can be recommended for the production of aman rice, BRRI dhan49

Knowledge Management: Journal