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Floristic Diversity (magnoliids and Eudicots) of Baraiyadhala National Park, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Mohammad Harun-Ur-Rashid
Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh

Saiful Islam
Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh

Sadia Binte Kashem
Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An intensive floristic investigation provides the first systematic and comprehensive account of the floral diversity of Baraiyadhala National Park of Bangladesh, and recognizes 528 wild taxa belonging to 337 genera and 73 families (Magnoliids and Eudicots) in the park. Habit analysis reveals that trees (179 species) and herbs (174 species) constitute the major categories of the plant community followed by shrubs (95 species), climbers (78 species), and two epiphytes. Status of occurrence has been assessed for proper conservation management and sustainable utilization of the taxa resulting in 165 (31.25%) to be rare, 23 (4.36%) as endangered, 12 (2.27%) as critically endangered and 4 species (0.76%) are found as vulnerable in the forest. Fabaceae is the dominant family represented by 75 taxa, followed by Rubiaceae (47 taxa), Malvaceae (28 species), Asteraceae (27 species) and Euphorbiaceae (24 species). Twenty-three families represent single species each in the area.

Keywords: Plant diversity, Baraiyadhala National Park, Conservation management

Location: Baraiyadhala National Park of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-02-2016

End Date: 00-07-2017

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Flower, Plant(s)

Objectives:

To explore, collect, and document the Angiospermic (Magnoliids and Eudicots) plant resources in the forest, their conservation management and sustainable utilization.

Methodology:

The survey of the flora has been made through repeated field visits during February 2016 to July 2017 in Baraiyadhala National Park. Random sampling and collections of fertile specimens have been made for identification and voucher specimens have been preserved at Herbarium of Chittagong University (HCU). Collected specimens have been critically examined, studied and identified. Identifications have been confirmed by consulting standard literature and specimens and taxonomists of HCU and Bangladesh National Herbarium (DACB). Nomenclature has been updated following recent literature (Ahmed et al., 2008, 2009a,b,c,d; Rashid and Rahman, 2011, 2012), and confirmed with consulting The Plant List (2013) (http://www.theplantlist.org). Families are arranged according to the classification of Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG IV, 2016). The taxa are listed alphabetically under each family along with their habit, Bangla name, and status of occurrence. Local names of many plants have been noted from local people during field trips and/or consulting Prain (1903), Heinig (1926), Huq (1986), Das and Alam (2001), and Dey et al. (1999).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(2): 273-288, 2018 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study reveals that communities around the area depend more or less on forest resources and some organized encroachers are also noticed. Furthermore, forest fire, livestock and other unsustainable resource utilization practices degrade the habitat in and around the forest. Climate change is an additional threat which may directly affect habitat and biodiversity, as well as indirectly by further increasing human pressure due to migration of peoples from coastal parts of Sitakunda and Mirsharai to the forest area. Development of tourism may enhance a future threat to the park. To address these challenges sustainable management plan for the protected area should be undertaken in the light of National Conservation Strategy, and proper implementation of the action plan is urgently required with collaboration and cooperation of stakeholders and local administrations. More particularly, the rare and threatened species along with their degraded habitats to be protected by taking proper conservation management programmes.

Knowledge Management: Journal