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Biotechnology Revolutionized Potato Production and Its Contribution in Agricultural Gdp of Bangladesh

Mita Bagchi
College of Economics and Management, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, China

Lijuan Zhuang
College of Economics and Management, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, China

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Agricultural biotechnology plays vital role in crop improvement; subsequently contribute to increase production and countries GDP. Secondary data were used to estimate growth rate of production, area, yield and export of potato applying compound growth rate. Result revealed that the compound annual growth rate was 0.9% for production, 0.2% for yield, 0.7% for area and 4.7% for export during pre-biotechnology period while it was 9.0%, 3.3%, 5.4% and 40.5% in biotechnology period, respectively. We also Fig. out how this technology changes the scenario of potato production and its impacts on Bangladesh GDP. Our findings reveal that after adaptation of biotechnology in seed potato the yield dramatically increases. That reduces the dependency on imported seed and increases potato export. Our study suggests that implementation of biotechnology in potato seed production is a breakthrough for Bangladesh agriculture and it could be a model for other crop improvement to ensure food security.

Keywords: Growth rate, Seed Potato, GDP, Biotechnology

Location: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), Bangladesh Economic Review and FAOSTAT

Start Date: 00-00-1971

End Date: 00-00-1991

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Data collection and collation

Objectives:

To estimate growth rate of production, area, yield and export of potato applying compound growth rate.

Methodology:

The present study is mainly based on secondary data from various national and international sources. Data were collected from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), Bangladesh Economic Review and FAOSTAT,covering the period 1971-72 to 2012-13. Microsoft Excel and SPSS program was applied for analyzing data in a meaningful way. The entire study period was split into two sub periods to evaluate the impact of biotechnology in potato production. The sub periods are Period I: 1971-72 to 1990-91 (before using tissue culture seed potato) and Period II: 1991-92 to 2012-13 (after using tissue culture seed potato). Here it is also mentioned that in mid 90’s some private organization commercially initiated disease free seed potato production through tissue culture technique. Then it expands day by day. In this research we estimated Compound Growth Rate (CGR) of area, yield, production and export of potato in Bangladesh for each period to show the growth performance of potato. The CGR are found more suitable for any comparison of growth between two periods. It is more appreciable to analyze the movement of agricultural crops in terms of compound rather than linear growth rate (adi Shadmehri, 2008; Dandekar, 1980). Hence, we compute the Compound Growth Rate (CGR) for potato which can be calculated by fitting a semi-log trend equation: logYt = α + tβt + ε t (1) Where, Yt = Area, yield, production and export of potato in t^th year respectively. t =Year (1, 2…n) α & β = parameters to be calculated, and ε = random error term. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique was used to calculate the equation (1). The t-test was employed to test the significance of β. This equation is generally based consideration that the agricultural output change in a given year would depend on the output in preceding year (adi Shadmehri, 2008; Dandekar, 1980; Deosthali and Nikam, 2004; Minhas, 1996; Singh et al. 1997). We can estimate the CGR by the following equation: CGR = [(Antilog of β - 1)* 100] (2)

Source of Information: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 2, p. 163-172, 2017

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Although plant biotechnology started in late 1970 but it was not sustainable before early 90’s, after some private organization commercially initiate disease free seed potato production through tissue culture technique in mid 90’s. The growth rate of production, area, yield and export of potato has sharply increased due to the introduction of tissue culture seed potato and adaptation of new production technology. Now a day’s potato has become one of the most productive crops that can play a significant role in ensuring food security (http://agmarknet.nic.in/profile-potato.pdf). A developing country like Bangladesh needs not only the quantity of food but sufficient quantity and quality of a balanced nutritious food. So the main policy goal of biotechnology is to enhance food security, poverty alleviation and health and livelihood security. The opportunities in biotechnology are enormous and multi-faceted with respect to diversity and market value. However, for Bangladesh the areas of national interest include agriculture-food and other crops, livestock and fisheries, forestry and environment, health care and nutrition, biodiversity conservation and other biotech products and processes. Where 40 percent of total population lives under poverty line in Bangladesh and yearly huge amount of food are imported from other country then Agricultural biotechnology has a great opportunity to reduce poverty and make a strong economy by converting import to export oriented economy. Our findings suggests that introducing tissue culture technique in other crops, the seed production system can be benefited and it will strong our economy by reducing the dependency of seed from other country and meet the demand of our ever increasing population. It is expected that Bangladesh will achieve food security, poverty alleviation, health, nutrition and livelihood improvement, and sustainable environment by 2021 through the application of biotechnology (MOISCT 2011).

Knowledge Management: Journal