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Egg Deposition and Weight Loss of Seeds by Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus Chinensis L. on Different Genotypes of Pulses

S. Ahnmed
Deputy Secretary, Ministry of Textile and Jute, Secretariat, Dhaka

A. Haque
Professor
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Lentil Lens culinaris Medik., mungbean Vigna radiata L. R. Wilczek, chickpea Cicer arietinum L. and blackgram Vigna mungo L. Hepper of different genotypes were tested against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L. in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh to evaluate the number of eggs deposition and percent weight loss of seeds. Maximum number of eggs (73.1) was oviposited on chickpea and minimum (19.5) was found on blackgram. The highest (19.9%) weight loss in seed was noted in chickpea and the lowest (7.6%) was recorded in blackgram. On the basis of weight loss of seed, blackgram and mungbean exhibited as tolerant genotype, lentil with moderately susceptible and chickpea as susceptible. Genotypes ML-22 of lentil, MC-21 of mungbean, Hyprosola of chickpea and MAK–1-79 of blackgram were found tolerant as compared to other tested genotypes considering the reduced number of egg deposition and lowest loss of seed weight. Evidently, the percent weight loss was marked as positive correlation with number of eggs deposition in all the genotypes and the regression line resulted in increasing the number of eggs laid with the increase in percent weight loss.

Keywords: Cicer arietinum L., Callosobruchus chinensis L., Egg deposition, Seed, Susceptible, Vigna mungo L. Hepper.

Location: Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-06-1999

End Date: 00-09-1999

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects, Pulses, Seed storage

Objectives:

To assess the egg deposition and the weight loss of seeds by Callosobruchus chinensis L. on different genotypes of pulse grain.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during June - September, 1999. Effect of different pulse genotypes was tested to assess the egg deposition and weight loss on pulse seeds by C. chinensis. The present study was carried out at room temperature from 28 to 33 °C with relative humidity of 68 to 75%. Collection of Test Materials Four species of pulses, lentil Lens culinaris Medik., munghean Vigna radiata L., chickpea Cicer arietinum L. and blackgram Vigna mungo L. with five genotypes of each pulse were selected for this study. The seeds of all the pulse genotypes were collected from the Department of Genetics, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh. Stock culture of pulse beetle Pulse beetles were collected from the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. They were kept in a large glass jar (12 cm × 18 cm) with 100 g seeds of gram to oviposit. The adult pulse beetles were shifted after oviposition and seeds along with eggs were left for emerging as adult in the jar. The newly emerged adults were again allowed to oviposit on new seeds and the procedure was continued to maintain a steady stock culture. Oviposition test Ninety grams of seed from each genotype of pulses were separated into three equal parts (each 30 g) and kept in three Petri dishes (8.5 cm × 1.5 cm). Each dish was considered as a replicate and total number of Petri dish was 60. Four pairs of newly emerged adult pulse beetles were released in each Petri dish and were allowed to lay eggs. Randomly, five gram seeds of each replicate were used. The insects were separated and the number of eggs laid on seeds was counted with the help of magnifying glass after five days. Then the Petri dishes along with infested seeds were covered with lid and kept on the table for weight loss assessment. Weight loss assessment Initial weight of healthy grain was taken before exposing to pulse beetle. After completion of the counting of damaged seeds of each replication, the weight of all seeds exposed to offensive by the pulse beetle were taken from each genotype for assessing the weight loss of pulse seeds due to infestation. The percentage of weight loss was calculated using following formula: Percent weight loss = {(Intial weight - final weight) / (Initial weight)} x 100. Data were analysed by using analysis of variance and the mean values were compared by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Before statistical analysis the percent values were transformed by angular transformation. Correlation and regression coefficients were also estimated between number of eggs laid and percent weight loss of different genotypes of pulse grain.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(3): 513-524, September 2019 ISSN 0258-7122 (Print), 2408-8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Pulse beetle exhibited higher susceptibility on chickpea and showed the lowest susceptibility in blackgram measured by egg deposition and percent seed weight loss. Small seed size with thin seed coat and smooth seed surface of seed characteristics were found to be least preferred for oviposition as compared to bold seeded pulses. Physical and various chemical parameters may also showed significant contributions in influencing the egg deposition and seed weight loss.

Knowledge Management: Journal