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Impact of Plant Spacing on Population Dynamics of Sucking Pest of Cotton

M. B. Momtaz
Cotton Research Farm, Sreepur, Gazipur

K. Yeasmin
Cotton Research Farm, Sreepur, Gazipur

M. R. Khatun
Department of Entomology, BAU, Mymensingh

M. Ahmad*
Department of Entomology, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to find out the impact of plant spacing on population dynamics of sucking pest of cotton from June 2018 to February 2019. The main objectives of the study are to observe the population dynamics of jassid and whitefly under different plant population. The experiment was laid out in RCB design with three replications and five differents treatments viz.,T1- 90x45 cm T2 – 90x40 cm, T3- 90x35 cm, T4- 90x30 cm, T5 – 90X25 cm. The results revealed that peak population of jassid was recorded in last July to October and whitefly from august to October. Plant spacing showed a significant effect on the jassid population. It is clear from the results that maximum population of jassid (32.4), aphids (11.3) and whitefly (18.1) were recorded to be per leaf from those plots where minimum plant spacing (25 cm) was maintained. No of sucking insects were increasing with decreasing plant population.

Keywords: Plant spacing, Population dynamics, Sucking pest, Cotton

Location: Cotton Research Farm of CDB, Sreepur, Gazipur and Sadarpur, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-06-2018

End Date: 00-02-2019

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Cotton

Objectives:

These aims are to help the entomologist to develop the best IPM strategy for the control of the notorious insect pests of cotton.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Cotton Research Farm of CDB, Sreepur, Gazipur and Sadarpur, Dinajpur comprises five treatments during the kharif season of 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in RCB design with three replications. The treatments were T1- 90x45 cm T2 – 90x40 cm, T3- 90x35 cm, T4- 90x30 cm, T5 – 90X25 cm. Cotton variety CB-14 was used as a test material. The crop was maintained well by adapting standard agronomic practices as per recommendations. Ten plants were selected randomly from each plot. The populations of sucking pests viz., jassid, aphids and whitefly were recorded from top, middle and bottom leaves of ten tagged plants per plot. Sucking pest related data will be collected adult/nymph per leaf basis from July to October. Seed cotton yield was harvested on plot basis excluding border lines and expressed as t/ha. Plant spacing effect on jassid population Plant spacing showed a significant effect on the jassid population. It is clear from the results that maximum population of jassid was recorded to be 32.4 per leaf from those plots where minimum plant spacing (25 cm) was maintained. The population of jassid was decreased as the plant to plant distance was increased. The population of jassid decreased significantly 28.5 per leaf where 35 cm plant to plant distance was maintained. The population of jassid did not show significant difference where plant spacing was maintained as 40 and 45 cm with 21.4 and 16.9 jassid per leaf, respectively. Plant spacing effect on whitefly population Plant spacing showed a significant effect on the whitefly population. It is clear from the results that maximum population of whitefly was recorded to be 18.1 per leaf from those plots where minimum plant spacing (25 cm) was maintained. The population of whitefly was decreased as the plant to plant distance was increased. The population of whitefly decreased significantly 12.6 per leaf where 40 cm plant to plant distance was maintained. The population of whitefly did not show significant difference where plant spacing was maintained as 40 and 45 cm with 12.6 and 10.2 whitefly per leaf respectively. Plant spacing effect on aphid population Plant spacing showed a significant effect on the aphid population. It is clear from the results that maximum population of aphid was recorded to be 11.3 per leaf from those plots where minimum plant spacing (25 cm) was maintained. The population of whitefly was decreased as the plant to plant distance was increased. The population of whitefly decreased significantly 7.3 per leaf where 40 cm plant to plant distance was maintained. The population of whitefly did not show significant difference where plant spacing was maintained as 40 and 45 cm with 7.3 and 5 whitefly per leaf respectively. Plant population is a yield contributing parameter and has direct effect on the yield of cotton crop. It is evident from the data that there were significant differences among plant populations at different plant densities. In case of 25 cm plant spacing there were 37520 plants per hectare and at 30 cm there were 33897 plants per hectare, at 35 cm there were 29093 plants per hectare and at 40 cm number of plants were recorded as 26253 per hectare and 22630 for 45cm. So the number of plants per plot decreased significantly with increase in plant spacing and highest numbers of plants were recorded in case of 10 cm plant spacing. Increase in plant population with decrease in plant spacing has also been reported by Brar et al., 2002. Due to sucking pest infestation no of plant population reduced in close spacing. That’s why lowest yield obtained in case of close spacing (25 cm) 0.83 t/ha. The present findings are in conformity with those of Butter et al. 1992) Mohite and Uthamasamy 1997) who also reported that the population of jassid was higher at lower plant spacing. Furthermore, the present findings are not in agreement with those of Sohi et al., 1995)who reported that incidence of jassid was less significant with different spacing. The present findings are not in agreement with those of Joginder et al. 1998) and Gogoi et al. 2000)who reported different periods of peak population of jassid as those of observed in the present study. This variation was due to different ecological condition and study period.The present findings are not in agreement with those of Al-Faisal and Kardu 1986 who reported two population peaks, one in early May and one in end of June or early July. The present findings are in conformity with those of Seif 1980), Isler and Ozgur 1992, Majeed et al. 1995, Sohi et al. 1995.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1&2):241-243, 2018 ISSN 1999-7361

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Achievement/Findings:

Jassids and whitefly remain active throughout the crop season. More plant spacing showed less population of sucking pests.

Knowledge Management: Journal