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Efficacy of Medium Chain Fatty Acids and Saccharomyces Cerevisiae on Growth Performance of Broiler

M. S. Islam
Department of Medicine, Surgery and obstetrics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

M. A. Islam
Executive, Veterinary Services Department, Agrovet Division, Square Pharmaceuticals Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. S. Rahman
Department of Medicine, Surgery and obstetrics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

S. M. S. H. Belal
Veterinary Surgeon (Leave Reserve), Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to determine the effect of medium chain fatty acids and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance in broiler birds. A field trial was carried out on 200 broiler chicks (Lohmann) dividing them into four treatment groups each having 50 birds such as treatment group 1 (T₁), treatment group 2 (T₂), treatment group 3 (T₃), and a control group (C). The treatment group 1 (T₁) was supplied with a standard feed containing medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae type boulardii 2.0x1010 CFU/gm).Treatment group 2 (T₂) was supplied with a standard feed rich in medium chain fatty acids (MCFA). Treatment group 3 (T₃) was supplied with a standard feed having Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae type boulardii 2.0x1010 CFU/gm). MCFA and S. cerevisiae lacked standard feed was given to the control group (C). The inclusion rate of MCFA per kilogram of feed was 2 gm for 10 days, 1.5 gm for successive 10 days and 1gm for next 8 days, and of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 0.2gm for 10 days, 0.15 gm for successive 10 days and 0.10 gm for next 8 days during the study period of 4 weeks. Weekly weight gain and, at the end of the study, body weight, feed consumption, FCR and mortality rate were recorded. Analysis of data revealed that the final average body weight and average weight gain of the birds belonging to the groups T₁, T₂ and T3 were higher (p< 0.01) than the control group. FCR was 1.36, 1.37, and 1.38 for the treatment group T₁, T3 and T₂ respectively which were better than (p<0.05) control group. There was no significant difference between the treatment group T₂ and T₃ but there was significant difference between the treatment group and control group (p<0.10) in terms of feed consumption. In case of livability, there was significant difference among bird groups T₁, T₂, T₃ and control group (p<0.01). Data analyses regarding organ weight showed that the addition of MCFA and SC in the diet of treatment group one (T₁) significantly increased (p<0.01) the weight of intestine with chymus, intestine without chymus, gizzard, head and neck by 41%, 17%, 5%, 8% and 11% respectively compared with control group. No significant differences were observed among the experimental groups for the weight of liver, spleen, and pancreas.

Keywords: Medium chain fatty acid, Yeast, Performance, Broiler

Location: A poultry farm of Kishoreganj district of Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-03-2017

End Date: 28-03-2017

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Broiler

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of dietary supplement of medium chain fatty acids (galibiotic®) and Saccharomyces cerevisiaetype boulardii (CNCM l-1079) 2.0x1010 CFU/gm (Levucell SB 20 ME Powder®) and their combination on production performance, carcass characteristics and cost effective ratio of broiler production under Bangladesh condition.

Methodology:

Study area and period: The research work was conducted in a poultry farm of Kishoreganj district of Bangladesh. The experimental work was in the form of four weeks feeding trial, carried out in the spring season during the period from 1st March, 2017 to 28th March, 2017 to assess the value of Medium chain Fatty acids and Saccharomyces cerevisiae type boulardii as growth and health promoter for broiler chicks. Experimental birds and management : The experiment was carried out with 200 commercial broiler hybrid strain of day-old chicks (Lohmann) purchased from a commercial hatchery (Kazi Farms Group). The chicks were divided into 4 groups and reared on deep litter in separate compartments measuring 50 square feet each of the farm house. The compartments were thoroughly cleaned, white washed and disinfected before putting the experimental chick into these. Each group was named as the treatment group 1 (T₁), treatment group 2 (T₂), treatment group 3 (T₃), and the control group (C). All the birds were provided with the same management conditions like floor space, temperature, relative humidity, ventilation and lighting. Immediately after unloading from the chick boxes the chicks were given glucose and vitamin-C to prevent the stress occurring during transportation. After 2 hours of arrival, chicks were offered to drink and feed on mash ration. Each pen was equipped with one flat chick feeding tray for the first few days, and then replaced by linear feeder and thereafter, round feeder. One round drinker was supplied in each pen, and one electric bulb of 60 watts was used for lighting and as a source of heat during brooding. Brooding temperature were maintain correctly. Optimum light was provided daily throughout the whole experimental period. The chicks were brooded at 950F during first week and thereafter; the temperature was reduced by 50F every week until the temperature reached to the room temperature. The starter and finisher broiler rations were supplied to the broiler chicken appropriately. A weighed amount of the ration was offered to the birds twice a day and the left over feed was collected to calculate feed consumption of the birds. Experimental agents: Commercially available medium chain fatty acids (galibiotic®) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae type boulardii (CNCM l-1079), 2.0x1010 CFU/gm (Levucell SB 20 ME Powder®) were used in this study. The products were of the Agrovet Division of the Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh. ?Feeding Management: The experimental birds were feed on the starter feed for the first two weeks and were allowed to feed on the finisher feed for the rest of the life. Two commercially available experiential feed used in the experiment were chick starter and finisher. The feed were formulated by ZHENGBANG BAY (BD) LTD by using feed ingredients commonly used in poultry feeding in Bangladesh.? Experimental Procedures: On arrival, the chicks were unpacked in a holding pen inside the experimental house. They were visually inspected for health, thriftiness and weakness. Underweight and unhealthy chicks were excluded from the experiment. Two hundred chicks were then randomly assigned to the experimental pens at the rate of 50 chicks per pen. The birds in each pen were then weighed to determine their initial live weight, and were then offered the respective diet. Weekly feed consumption, live weight, weight gain, and mortality were recorded. At the end of each week, live weight of the experimental birds in each pen was determined and the weekly live weight gain was assessed by difference from that of the previous week. The live weight gain was then related to the weight of the feed consumed per week to calculate the feed conversion ratio, as grams feed consumed per week over the live weight gain in grams for the same week. They were then statistically analyzed for the treatment difference as per DMRT. At the end of the experiment, weights of different organs of the body were measured to find out the effect of medium-chain fatty acids and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on organ weights of broiler chickens. Experimental layout: A total of 200 day-old broiler chicks randomly assigned into 4 dietary treatment groups were as follows: Treatment group T₁ (50): Basal diet+ MCFA + Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Treatment group T₂ (50): Basal diet+ MCFA; Treatment group T₃ (50): Basal diet+ Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Control group C (50): Basal diet; Vaccination schedule: The birds were immunized against some commonly occurring diseases with commercially available and good reported vaccines as per schedule prescribed by the company. ?

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2018). 16(1): 31–38 ISSN: 1729-7893 (Print), 2308-0922 (Online)

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Funding Source:

Budget:

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Achievement/Findings:

The use of antibiotic growth promoter is increasing day by day. But their use in broilers is being banned due to some health hazard related issues. So it is high time, we explored the suitable alternatives of non-antibiotic growth promoter that does not affect the human health negatively. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the effect of feeding medium chain fatty acids and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae type boulardii) that are non-antibiotic growth promoter on broiler performance. The supplementation of Medium chain fatty acids and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at all level in broiler diets has improved the performance. These levels showed the best results on final body weight, live body weight gain, feed conversion, livability and organs weight. But best results were obtained by the combination of Medium chain fatty acids and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The efficacy of medium chain fatty acids and Saccharomyces cerevisiae may have antimicrobial properties and it may be used as a non-antibiotic growth promoter because, the use of antibiotic growth promoter may create antibiotic resistant bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and drug residuals in meat.

Knowledge Management: Journal