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Field Application of Local Herbal Pesticides as Complete Replacement of Harmful Chemical Pesticides in Dried Fish in Sidr Affected Dublarchar of the Sunderbans

Dr. A. K. M. Nowsad Alam
Professor
Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

U. J. Lithi
Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

M. N. Hassan
Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

M. M. Hossain
Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Sun-dried fish are attacked by various insects during processing and storage. To protect the dry fish from insect attack, various health hazard pesticides like DDT, nogos, nuvacron, basudin, etc. are used in Bangladesh. In order to improve the nutritional quality of dried fish, as well as to save the life of consumers, the efficacy of need, garlic, red chili and turmeric in deterring and/or repellikng dry fish insects viz., blow fly (Diptera sp.) and bettle and mites (Dermestes sp. and Necrobia sp.) were determined. The field doses of different forms of these herbs in repelling/deterring dry fish insects and consumer acceptance of the treated and cooked dry fish were also determined. Among the 4 botanical pesticides tested, red chili powder was the most toxic, while neem was the most repellent to all the three dry fish insects. Individual and combined effect of powders and oil/aqueous extracts of 4 herbs were determined. Neem in combination with red chili in both powder and extract forms showed maximum deterring and repelling effects. Field application protocol of the herbs were determined with the stakeholders. Dosage concentrations of 5.0% neem extract, 1.5% neem powder, 0.5% red chili powder, 3.0% turmeric extract and 1.5% turmeric powder were found good effect. A concentration of 1.0% turmeric powder or pest rubbed on the surface of pomfret obtained best deterrence of blow fly during sun drying. The quality and consumers’ acceptance of dry fish treated with 4 pesticides were investigated. Direct application of neem extract makes the products darker to look at and slightly bitter to eat after cooking. However, neem as prodder or pellet had no such difficulty. Application of turmeric and red chili in any forms showed higher acceptability of the products. Cost and profit of the herbs in commercial application were analyzed. All forms of 4 herbs as pesticide in dry fish were found commercially viable, economically profitable and socially acceptable by the dry fish producers and consumers.

Keywords: Herbal pesticides, Repellency test, Disinfestations of dried fish

Location: Fish processing Laboratory, BAU and the dry fish processing zones of the Sunderbans.

Start Date: 01-07-2009

End Date: 30-06-2011

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Fungicide

Objectives:

1. To determine the efficacy of several local herbs like neem, garlic, Biskatali, hijal, shathi, malkata, kachu, marigold and nishinda and two spices - red chili and turmeric in deterring/repelling pests and insects in dried fish. 2. To determine the individual or combined effects of both the powder (direct application) and extracts of these herbal pesticides. 3. To determine the field dosages of the pesticides for deterring/repelling a blow fly, Diptera sp., a beetle, Dermestes sp. and a mite, Necrobia sp. 4) To develop field application protocol of selected herbal drugs with the involvement of stakeholders of sidr and aila affected Dublarchar of the Sunderbans. 5. To develop the skill of fisher women and socially excluded fishers to prepare herbal pesticides for local use. 6. To detect the impacts of these botanical pesticides on dried fish quality and consumers acceptance. 7. To determine the cost profit ratio and realization of profit due to application of herbal drugs in dried fish.

Methodology:

1. Test plants 2. Test insects a. Blowfly maggot b. Dermestid beetle c. Mite 3. Collection and rearing of insect 4. Preparation of plant dust and extaacts a. Collection and processing of plant materials b. Preparation of plant dust c. Preparation of plant extracts 5. Preparation of stock solution 6. Disinfestations of dried fish 7. Direct toxicity test by Tropical Application Method 8. Repellency test 9. Participatory determination of dose for field application 10. Participatory study of impact of herbal pesticide on texture and taste of dried fish 11. Cost and profit analysis of pesticide application 12. Statistical analysis.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agricultural University Research Progress, Volume-22, 2011. Proceedings of the workshop of BAU Research Progress, 02-03 April 2012 and Annual workshop on BAU research Progress: 2010-2011; BAURES, 02-03 April 2012, BAU, Mymensingh, 02-03-2012.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget: 240000
2. University Grant Commission	Budget: 240000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 240000

Achievement/Findings:

Direct application of neem extract makes the products darker to look at and slightly bitter to eat after cooking. However, neem as prodder or pellet had no such difficulty. Application of turmeric and red chili in any forms showed higher acceptability of the products. Cost and profit of the herbs in commercial application were analyzed. All forms of 4 herbs as pesticide in dry fish were found commercially viable, economically profitable and socially acceptable by the dry fish producers and consumers.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings