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Argulus of Indian Major Carps in Selected Fish Farms of Mymensingh

D. R. Das
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Floodplain Substation, Santaher, Bogra

S. Majumder
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

K. J. Chandra
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Studies were conducted to investigate the infestations of Argulus of juvenile carps of Mymensingh region. A total of 8 farms, four Government (Govt.) and four Private (Pvt.) fish farms were investigated Indian major carps - Catla (Catla catla), Rui (Labeo rohita) and Mrigal (Cirrhinus cirrhosus) during June, 2010 to May, 2012. Monthly samplings were carried out with 5 fish from each species and each farm. Altogether 2880 fish host were examined of which 940 hosts were found to be infested with Argulus during the study period. The Argulus were very common in body surface, base of the pelvic, pectoral, anal, caudal fin, muscle and mouth cavity of all fishes. Water quality and management practices were recorded in different farms. The risk of infestation by Argulus in carps significantly (p<0.001) increased when the water quality parameters were not maintained the optimum level. Prevalence (%), mean intensity and abundance were found to be species specific and also varied with seasons and management systems. Prevalence (%) of Argulus in carps was significantly (p< 0.001) higher in Pvt. farm than that of Govt. farms. The prevalence (%) of Argulus were significantly ( p< 0.01) higher in rainy season. Rui was more susceptible than Catla and Mrigal by Argulus.

Keywords: Argulus, Infestation, Water quality, Seasons, Indian major carps

Location: Mymensingh region, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-06-2010

End Date: 00-05-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To determine the Argulus of Indian Major Carps in Selected Fish Farms of Mymensingh

Methodology:

For the study eight fish farms, 4 Government Farm and 4 Private farms were investigated. The study was conducting during June 2010 to May 2012. To observe the seasonal infestation, only main seasons were used as rainy season (June-September); winter season (October-January) and summer (February-May). Catla, Rui and Mrigal were selected as the experimental fish and sampled regularly by visiting the experimental ponds. Samplings were carried out from the farms at monthly intervals. During each sampling 5 fishes from each species were collected every pond with the help of seine net. Fish samples were transported to Disease Laboratory with plastic containers and bags. The young carps or juvenile were examined quickly to observe for Argulus infestation, injury, infection and other abnormal conditions of fish body. Water quality and pond management procedures of various parameters were noted. Most of the Argulus were recorded from the base of the pelvic, pectoral, anal, caudal fin, body surface, muscle and mouth cavity. Body surface of the host fishes were carefully observed. Infesting Argulus were collected and preserved for further study. Skin scrapping was done from different parts of the body and smears were taken for examined. Argulus and their number were recorded as much as possible. Larger crustaceans were removed from the skin by a pair of forceps and thumbs and then placed into a water containing jar or clean water on petridish for allowing them relaxed, swimming and washing. After washing, the live specimens were dropped into a vial containing 70% alcohol for further processing. The slides with the parasites were impregnated with Klein’s dry silver impregnation technique (Klein, 1958). Preserved Argulus were studied under microscope and their size shape and chitinoid structure was noted identification. Photographs was taken, total length, width and other appendages were drawn with the help of a camera lucida. The measurements were taken with the help of oculormicrometer adjusted with stage micrometer and the microscope. The length of body, carapace length and width, the length and breath of tail, the diameter of the sucking disc, the length of second maxillae and numerous spines were measured. All the measurements are given in millimeters (mm), ranges in parentheses by the arithmetic mean and standard deviation unless other wise stated. For statistical analysis, morphometric measurements of 10 specimens for the species were considered. Measurements were done following the recommendations of Shimura and Inoue (1984) and Chandra (2008). Infested fishes were collected from the selected water bodies and various symptoms of diseases were noted according to Amlacher, 1997. Identification and classification of the parasites were done following Thomas and Devraj (1975) and Chandra (2008). The ecological terms for prevalence (%) and intensity of infestation were used after Margolis et al. (1982) as- Prevalence = (No. of Hosts Infected) / (No. of hosts examined) x 100. Mean intensity = (No. of Parasites recovered)/(No. of infected fish) x 100. Abandance = (No. of parasites recovered) / (No. of host examined) x 100. All the statistical analyses were done by SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) and MS Excel.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2016). 14 (2): 243-250 ISSN: 1729-7893 (Print), 2308-0922 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded from the present investigation that Argulus was found all over the body surface of the host fish. But the most preferable sites of Argulus infestation were at the base of pectoral, pelvic and anal fin. Private farm owners used haphazardous types of management practices and were found more infestations. The present study highlighted the infestation and disease problems, including their identity. In addition, culture and economic loss, seasonality of pathogenic infection was also investigated including management related problems. It was reported that there was a direct relationship between disease outbreaks among fishes and water quality parameters. Occurrence of diseases were more severe when most of the water quality parameters were not found within suitable level. Infestation started at the early stage of fish life and Argulus infestations were more severe in Rui. Among different seasons, maximum prevalence of Argulus were higher in rainy season than in winter season. In culture system, more attention and necessary steps should be given in the rainy season when probability of parasitic infestations and disease outbreak increased in farm fishes of Mymensingh.

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