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Comparison of Climatic Variables Among Different Climatic Sub-regions of Bangladesh

Md. Younus Mia
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

Md. Ramjan Ali
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

Shimul Roy
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to compare the rate of change of selective climatic variables such as annual maximum and minimum temperature, annual total rainfall and annual average humidity among the three different climatic sub-regions (Western zone, northwestern zone and north-eastern zone) of Bangladesh. Annual averages of climatic parameters were calculated to analyze the trend lines, variation and change rate of climatic parameter during the study period. Five years moving average rainfall and humidity were also determined. It was observed that change rate of annual maximum temperature and annual average maximum temperature both were highest in north-eastern zone at the rate of 0.048 and 0.046°C per year, respectively. Highest annual minimum temperature change rate (0.003°C per year) was also found in the north-eastern zone but highest annual average minimum temperature change rate (0.034°C per year) was found in the north-western zone. Average annual rainfall was decreasing insignificantly in all the three climatic sub-regions whereas the highest change rate (21.50 mm per year) was observed in the north-eastern zone of Bangladesh. Highest annual average humidity change rate (0.113% per year) was found in the north-western zone of Bangladesh and five years moving average of annual average humidity was increasing at the highest rate of 0.132% per year in the north-western zone of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Climate change, Temperature, Rainfall, Humidity

Location: Western zone, North-western zone and North-eastern zone of Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Climate change, Temperature

Objectives:

The objectives of the present study were to assess the physical climatic variations (average annual maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall and humidity) as indicators of climate change and to compare the rate of change of the climatic variables among the three different sub-climatic zones (Western zone, North-western zone and North-eastern zone) of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the three climatic sub-regions (Western zone, North-western zone and North-eastern zone) of Bangladesh. Western zone comprises greater Rajshahi district and parts of adjacent districts (Naogaon, Natore, Nawabganj and Joypurhat). This is the driest area in Bangladesh with rainfall generally below 1,500 mm and summer humidity of less than 50%. Here maximum temperature is over 35°C and lowest 10^o C. North-western zone includes districts of Thakurgaon, Dinajpur, Rangpur, Gaibandha, Bogra, Sirajganj, Pabna, Kushtia and Meherpur. The annual rainfall is lower (2536 mm). Annual average highest temperature is 33.5^o C and lowest 10.5^o C. North-eastern zone includes most of east and south Sylhet and a wedge shaped strip south of the Meghalaya Plateau. Here mean maximum temperature is rarely above 32°C but mean minimum is 10°C and below (Banglapedia 2008). The study was carried out on the basis of secondary data analysis. Secondary data were collected from related authorities and institution, national and international journals, books, related reports, national encyclopedia of Bangladesh and from the internet. Climatic data were collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department, Dhaka. Maps were collected from Banglapedia. Data were compiled, tabulated and analyzed using MS excel for statistical analysis. Annual averages of climatic parameters (temperature, rainfall, and humidity) of different climatic subregions were calculated to analyze the variation and compare the rate of change of the climatic variables among these climatic sub-regions during 1981 to 2013 (33 years). The regression (R²) was obtained through trends equation. One way of testing significance of the trends of the climatic parameters is calculating the coefficient of determinants of R² of the trend. Highest correlation of the dataset can be found at 1 and it gradually reduces towards zero, value more than 0.5 has been considered as significant correlation. Five years moving averages were also determined because this reduces internal variation of data and helps to identify trends more strongly.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 29(1): 63-71, 2016 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Climatic variability of western zone, north-western zone and north-eastern zone of Bangladesh has been found with changes in the trend of different climatic parameters particularly annual maximum temperature, annual minimum temperature, annual average rainfall and annual average humidity. Highest increasing rate of annual average maximum temperature was observed in the north-eastern zone of Bangladesh, which was 0.046°C per year. Increasing trends of the annual average minimum temperature were also observed over western zone, north-western zone and north-eastern zone at the rate of 0.027, 0.034 and 0.066°C per year, respectively. Highest annual total rainfall change rate (21.50 mm per year) was also found in North-eastern zone of Bangladesh. But annual average humidity change rate was highest in north-western zone of Bangladesh (0.113 % per year) and it was increasing. This study revealed that five years moving average of annual total rainfall decreasing rate was highest (23.95 mm per year) in North-eastern zone of Bangladesh and five years moving average of annual average humidity increasing rate was highest (0.132% per year) in north-western zone of Bangladesh. However, the study also suggests some activities or programs to cope with the negative impacts arise due to climate change such as it is important to give special emphasize to the north-eastern zone to adapt with climate change related problem because climatic variables mainly temperature and rainfall is changing in this zone; policy decisions, scientific researches and institutional capacity building should be considered to handle and reduce the consequences of climate change impacts.

Knowledge Management: Journal