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Variations in Salinity Tolerance of Selected Mango Rootstock

R. K. Roy
M.S. Student
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

M. Robbani
Professor
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

M. Ali
Professor
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

S. K. Bhowal
Scientific Officer (Agronomy)
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Noakhali, Bangladesh

A. N. M. Erfan
M.S. Student
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Germplasm Centre, Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) during the period from July 2011 to March 2013 to study the performance of selected mango rootstocks in the saline area in Bangladesh. The experiment consisted of four mango rootstock lines collected from Rangpur, Dumki, Khulna and Kuakata, and five salinity treatments namely control (0 dSm^-1), low (4 dSm^-1), medium (6 dSm^-1), high (8 dSm^-1) and very high (10 dSm^-1). A two factor experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (factorial) with four replications. Results revealed that rootstock line and salinity levels had significant influences on various crop characters viz. length of rootstocks, diameter of rootstocks, number of leaves and percent rootstocks success and survivability. In case of rootstocks, the longest rootstock length (41.38 cm), highest number of leaves (37.58) and survivability (71.73%) were recorded in Rangpur line. In case of salinity treatments, rootstock diameter (16.09 mm), number of leaves/graft (36.47) and survivability (67.37%) were recorded in low salinity treatment. Interaction of rootstock lines and different salinity treatments showed significant variation on the length and diameter of rootstocks at 120 DAT. The maximum diameter of rootstock (17.63 mm) was recorded in high (8 dSm^-1) salinity treatment in rootstock line of Kuakata, followed by the same stages of rootstock lines of Khulna (17.56 mm). The longest rootstock (46.75 cm) was recorded in control treatment (0 dSm^-1) with rootstock line of Rangpur followed by the same stages of rootstock (41.75 cm) with medium salinity treatment (6 dSm^-1). Rangpur rootstock line performed best from 0-8 dSm^-1 salinity. The overall salinity tolerance was graded as follows: Rangpur rootstock line > Dumki rootstock line > Kuakata rootstock line > Khulna rootstock line.

Keywords: Mango rootstock, Salinity tolerance

Location: Germplasm Centre, Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University

Start Date: 00-07-2011

End Date: 00-03-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil salinity, Mango

Objectives:

To study the salinity tolerance of selected mango rootstocks.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Germplasm Centre, department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), during the period from July 2011 to March 2013. The experimental area was situated under the sub-tropical monsoon climate, which is characterized by high temperature and heavy rainfall during the months of July to September and scantly rainfall associated with moderate low temperature during the rest period of the year. The soil of the experimental area was silty loam in texture belonging to the Gangas Flood Plain of AEZ 13 having non-calcareous dark grey flood plain soil. The selected area was a medium high land. It was fertile, well-drained and slightly acidic with the pH varying from 5.5 to 6.8 (BARC, 1989). The experiment consisted of two factors i.e. Factor-A: four type of mango rootstocks viz. R₁ = Rangpur line, R₂ = Khulna line, R₃ = Dumki line, R₄ = Kuakata line and Factor-B: five level of soil salinity viz. S₀ = Control (0 dSm^-1), S₁ = Low (4 dSm^-1), S₂=Medium (6 dSm^-1), S₃ = High (8 dSm^-1), S₄ = Very high (10 dSm^-1). A two-factor experiment was conducted in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Healthy and heavy stones of mango fruits of unknown cultivars were collected and placed in a bucket of water. Only those stones that sunk and touched the bottom of bucket (containing water) were selected. About 1000 stones were selected for this process, which were uniform in size and shape. The stones were placed in polybags containing a mixture of soil and cowdung at the ratio of 1:1. One stone was placed in one polybag. After placing the seeds were germinated within 15 to 30 days. The experimental pots were made by earthen, containing 2-3 aeration holes at bottom for removal of excess water. Total 480 experimental pots were filled by soil; well decompose cowdung, sand & small pitches of broken stones at the ratio of 1:1:1:1. Nearly one and a half year mango rootstocks collected from four different types of mango cultivar which were raised in polybags previously & transplanted to the experimental pots. The healthy, vigorous, uniform in size and growth, pest and disease-free rootstocks was selected for the experiment. Pots containing healthy and uniform size rootstocks were raised in each rootstock line. Intercultural operations like irrigation, weeding, application of fertilizer, spraying of insecticides and fungicide were given whenever needed for the good health of stock plant. Four different rootstock lines were collected from Rangpur, Dumki, Kuakata and Khulna region. At first rootstocks were separated from different types of rootstock by their proper identity through individual tagging. Four rootstock lines were arranged according to their identical number for properly data collection as well as performance review of different rootstock lines. All necessary measures were adopted to make the pot free from weeds and create a favorable environment to ensure proper growth and development of grafted plants. Weeding and mulching were done whenever necessary during the period of investigation. The channels, made around each pot were connected to the main drain for rapid removal of excess rainwater. Proper shades were provided with the help of bamboo and coconut leaf until the grafts were in good condition in growth. Sometimes the shade was removed to expose the plant to the direct sunlight for their proper growth. As a preventive measure against insect, pest and disease, spraying with insecticide and fungicides were done following a routine schedule. For this, Diazinon and Diathane M-45 @ 2ml liter^-1 of water were applied at 7-10 days interval from 2-3 weeks after grafting and continued up to the last date of recording final data. The means of all the treatments were calculated and compared by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level of probability (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(1): 89-94

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The maximum diameter of rootstock (17.63 mm) was recorded in high (8 dSm^-1) salinity treatment in rootstock line of Kuakata, followed by the same stages of rootstock lines of Khulna (17.56 mm). The longest rootstock (46.75 cm) was recorded in control treatment (0 dSm^-1) with rootstock line of Rangpur followed by the same stages of rootstock (41.75 cm) with medium salinity treatment (6 dSm^-1). Rangpur rootstock line performed best from 0-8 dSm^-1 salinity. The overall salinity tolerance was graded as follows: Rangpur rootstock line > Dumki rootstock line > Kuakata rootstock line > Khulna rootstock line.

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