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Effect of Some Chemicals on Incidence of Poato Soft Rot Disease in Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman*
Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka

A. A. Khan
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

I. H. Mian
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

A. M. Akanda
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. Z. Alam
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bactericidal effect was investigated by chemicals against potato soft rot bacteria in vitro and in storage. The chemicals were acetic acid, boric acid, bleaching powder, lactic acid, calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium hypo-chloride. Among eight chemicals only three chemicals viz. acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder showed bactericidal activity against potato soft rot bacteria Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (E. carotovora subsp. carotovora) P-138 in vitro. Based on the results of in vitro experiment three chemicals, acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder were used to control soft rot disease of potato in storage. Fresh potato tubers were dipped in 0.2% solution/suspensions of acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder for 30 min. Then soft rot bacteria Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum P-138 was inoculated on potato. Finally potatoes were stored for 22 weeks in net bags in sterilized condition. All the three chemicals significantly decreased the infection rate, loss in weight and increased percentage of disease reduction (PDR) of potato. Boric acid was the most effective in controlling the soft rot disease of potato in storage followed by acetic acid and bleaching powder. So these chemicals may be used for seed purpose storage of potato tubers for year round storage at farmer’s level.

Keywords: Chemicals; Control; Soft rot racteria; Potato

Location: Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

The present investigation was undertaken to test some chemicals for their effectiveness to control soft rot bacteria of potato tubers.

Methodology:

In vitro evaluation of eight chemicals against soft rot bacteria An in vitro test experiment was conducted to evaluate eight chemicals for their bactericidal activity against soft rot bacteria of potato (Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum P-138). The chemicals were acetic acid, boric acid, bleaching powder, lactic acid, calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium hypo-chloride. Acetic acid, boric acid, lactic acid, bleaching powder and sodium hypo-chloride were used at 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.10%. Rests of the chemicals were used at 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20% (w/w). A standard bacterial growth medium Yeast Peptone Dextrose Agar (YPDA) was prepared. After cooking the medium was amended with each chemical. Required amount of each chemical was added to YPDA and mixed thoroughly. The amended medium was autoclaved for 20 min at 121o C under 1.1 kg/cm² pressures. The medium was poured in petri dishes at 20 ml/plate and allowed to solidify. To prepare the inocula of soft rot bacteria of potato, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum P-138 were grown on YPDA at 28^o C for 24 h. Bacterial cells were collected from the culture and suspended in sterilized distilled water to a concentration of ca.108 cfu/ml. After solidi?cation of YPDA with the chemicals, the plates were spot inoculated and incubated at 30^o C in an incubator. The plates were arranged in the incubator following completely randomized design with three replications. Three additional plates without any chemical were maintained, which served as control. Growth of the test bacteria was observed up to 14 days of inoculation and antibacterial activity of the chemicals was determined. Efficacy of the chemicals to control soft rot of potato in storage Based on the results of the in vitro test, three chemicals namely acetic acid, boric acid, and bleaching powder were selected to test their efficacy to control soft rot disease of potato in storage condition. Three potato varieties viz. Cardinal, Diamant and Granola were used in the experiment. For treatment, fresh potato tubers of each variety were dipped in 0.2% solution of acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder individually for 30 min prior to inoculation with soft rot bacteria of potato (Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum P-138). After dipping, potato tubers were air dried at room temperature. Fresh cultures of soft rot bacteria grown on YPDA were suspended in sterilized distilled water (ca.108 cfu/ml) to prepare inocula. Chemically treated potatoes were inoculated with the inoculum suspensions of respective bacteria with an automizer. Inoculated potato tubers were air dried again at room temperature and packed in net bags and stored at room temperature for 22 weeks in sterilized condition. Untreated control was maintained for each variety, which was inoculated with the pathogen but not treated with any chemical. The tubers were checked on 2, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22 weeks after inoculation and data on soft rot infection and loss of weight due to soft rot in storage were recorded and expressed as percentage using the following formula (Abd-El-Khair and Karima, 2007).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(2), 135-140, 2017

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder showed bactericidal activity against soft rot bacteria, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum P-138 in vitro. Boric acid performed best in controlling potato soft rot disease in storage. So the chemicals may be used for seed purpose storage of potato tubers for year round storage at farmer’s level in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal