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Quantitative Karyotype Analysis of Agave Americana L. and A. Striata Zucc

Serajum Munira
Department of Crop Science & Technology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Md. Mosleh Ud-deen
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Karyotype analysis of Agave americana L. and A. striata Zucc revealed that both the species had 2n = 60 with differences in individual chromosome length, total chromatin length (TCL) and total frequency % (TF%) between the complements of their chromosomes. The identified chromosome pairs were I^m, II^Sm, III^Sm, IV^Sm, V^m, VI^Sm, VIII^St, IX^Sm, XII^Sm, XVII^Sm, XVIII^Sm, XIX^m, XXI^m, XXII^m, XXIII^m, XXIV^St, XXV^m, XXVI^Sm, XXVII^Sm, XXIX^Sm and XXX^m in A. americana and II^m, III^St, IV^Sm, VI^sm, VII^St, VIII^Sm, IX^Sm, XII^m, XIII^St, XIV^Sm, XV^Sm, XVI^Sm, XVII^Sm, XIV^Sm, XX^m, XXI^Sm, XXIII^Sm, XXV^m, XXVII^Sm and XXVIII^m in A. striata. The proposed standard karyotype were 1L ^1m + 9M^8Sm+1St+16S₁^8m+7Sm+1St+ 4S₂^2Sm+1St for A. americana and 2L^1m+1Sm + 9M^7Sm+2St+ 15S₁^3m+11Sm+1St+ 4S₂^2m+2Sm for A. striata.

Keywords: Karyotype analysis, Agave americana, A. striata

Location: The Professor Sultanul Alam Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

To determine the individual chromosomes and their homology particularly.

Methodology:

A. americana L. and A. striata Zucc were obtained from Professor Sultanul Alam Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi. The roots of 1-1.5 cm in length were collected, washed with water very carefully and pretreated with aqueous solution of Para-di-chlorobenzeen (PDB) for 4 - 5 hours at 8 - 12º C. The root tips were thoroughly washed in distilled water and fixed in 1 : 3 aceto-alcohol at room temperature for 48 hours and then preserved in 70% ethanol. Staining of root tip chromosomes was done by haematoxylin method. Meristematic zone of the root tip was squashed in a drop of 0.5% acetocarmine. Temporary slides were examined under a compound microscope with 40 × 16 magnifications. Photomicrographs were taken from the desired preparations and chromosomes were measured from photomicrograph. During conversion of millimeter (mm) values into micrometer (µm) occular scale and stage micrometer were used for calibration at the same magnification. Data on chromosome morphology was determined from three cells of each species based on similar degrees of contraction of the chromosomes as described by Ahmed et al. (1983) with some modifications. The total frequency (TF%) was calculated using the formula of Huziwara (1962).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(2): 229-235, 2010 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Findings in the present study indicate that if any structural changes played a role in evolution of the two species of Agave, this did not change the karyotype in any significant manner. However, the proposed karyotype in the present study indicates that the evolution in the two species might have occurred due to change in the chromosome structure minutely.

Knowledge Management: Journal