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Variation of Morphological and Chemical Properties of Three Varieties of Jute Stick

M. Mostafizur Rahman*
Pulp and Paper Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka, Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh

S. Siddiqua
Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

F. Akter
Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

M. Sarwar Jahan
Pulp and Paper Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka, Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh

M. A. Quaiyyum
Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000,Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Pulp property of a lignocellulosic material depends upon its morphological characteristics and chemical constituents it. Shabuj Pat (CVL1) variety from Corchorus capsularisand BJRI Tossa Pat 4 (O-72) and BJRI Tossa Pat 5 (O-795) varieties fromCorchorus olitorius of jute are mostly grown in Bangladesh. This study deals on morphological and chemical properties of these three varieties of jute stick to assess their suitability for pulp production. The results were significantly differed among the varieties and within the variety. The a-cellulose content was almost the same in the variety of CVL-1 and O-795. In the same variety, the middle portion contained the largest amount of alpha-cellulose and the top portion contained the lowest. Klason lignin content varied from 24.2 to 26.8%. Fibre length was significantly same for all the three jute sticks but the width and slenderness ratios were different. Pulp yield in soda anthraquinone process was nearly the same in all these varieties around 44% at kappa number 15.

Keywords: Jute stick; Species variation; Chemical properties; Morphological properties

Location: Pulp and Paper Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka, Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

Jute stick that remains as the leftover has the possibility of making paper grade pulp as well as dissolving pulp. In this context the study of its morphological and chemical composition is warranted.

Methodology:

Three varieties of jute sticks of Shabuj Pat (CVL-1), BJRI Tossa Pat 4 ( O-72), BJRI Tossa Pat 5 ( O-795) were supplied by the Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI). The jute sticks were dried in sun and chopped by hand machine to 57 cm in length for subsequent morphological and chemical analysis and digestion for pulping. For chemical analysis, the plant was grounded in Willey Mill and screened to 40/60 mesh. Morphological and Chemical analysis Samples were macerated in a solution containing 1:1 HNO₃ and KClO₃ for 24 h for the measurements of fiber length and width. A drop of macerated sample was taken on a slide and dried to remove water. The slide was placed under an image analyzer, Labomed LX 400 equipped with software Digipro 4.0 for taking image to measure fiber length and width. Bulk density was measured using 50 mL picnometer. The chemical compositions of three parts, the bottom, middle and top, were determined according to TAPPI test methods: extractives (T204 om88), water solubility (T207cm99), and Klason lignin (T211 om83). Holocellulose samples were prepared by treating extractives-free meal with NaClO₂ solution (Browining 1967). The pH of the solution was maintained at 4 by adding CH₃COOH-CH₃COONa buffer and the a-cellulose content was determined by treating holocellulose with 17.5% NaOH (T203 om 93). Ash content was determined using Nuive muffle furnace at 525^oC according to T 211 om-93. The pentosans content was determined using the bromide/bromate method. Pulping Soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulping was done in a 5L capacity thermostatically controlled electrically heated rotary digester. The active alkali was varied from 14-18% as NaOH of the sample on oven dried (OD) basis with the liquor ratio of 1:5. AQ was 0.1 % the raw material. The cooking was continued for 60 min at the maximum temperature (170^oC). At the end of pulping, the pressure was released to atmospheric pressure and pulp was taken out from the digester, disintegrated and washed by continuous flow of water. Pulp yield was determined on the basis of OD raw material. Kappa number was determined in accordance with T 236 cm-85. All pulps were beaten in a PFI mill to 1000 revolutions and handsheets of 60g/m² were made in a Rapid Kothen Sheet Making Machine according to German Standard Methods DIN 106. The physical properties of handsheets were determined as per Tappi method T 220 sp9

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.51(4), 307-312, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Morphological and chemical characteristics of three varieties of jute stick were examined. Although the difference of morphological and chemical characteristics of the three varieties of jute stick were little, some properties like fibre width, alkali solubility, water solubility were significantly different. Of all the three varieties, shabuj pat (CVL-1) had the highest a-cellulose. Middle part of all the varieties contains highest a-cellulose and longer fibres.

Knowledge Management: Journal