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Effect of Harvesting Time on Growth and Tuber Formation in Processing Potato

N. Mokarroma
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

I.M. Ahmed
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A.K.M. Zonayed-ull-Noor
Seed Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

K.A.M.M. Rahman
Tuber Crop Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was carried out in three processing potato varieties such as Asterix, Lady Rosetta and Courage to study the growth and to evaluate the tuber formation. Among morphological parameters reduction was observed at later stages of growth than that of earlier stages. In case of growth parameters the relative growth rate (RGR) decreased with advancement of growth in Asterix, Lady Rosetta and Courage. The major differences in the net assimilation rate (NAR) among the cultivars occurred at the time of tuber initiation and development at 40 days after planting (DAP). Relative tuber growth rate (RTGR) of the varieties declined sharply which indicated the early maturation. Thus, the minimum photosynthates were produced and the maximum of it was used for respiration which reduces the rate of RTGR. Among the yield attributes, tuber number and tuber dry weight per plant showed increasing trend at later stages of plant growth than the earlier stages. Importantly, Asterix gave greater yield followed by Courage however, Lady Rosetta gave lowest yield. In the study it was observed that the yield of tuber harvested at 80 DAP and 100 DAP is lower than that of harvested at 90 DAP. It appeared from the result that Asterix is high yielding variety among these three and 90 days after planting is optimum time for harvesting its tuber as temperature remained at optimum range.

Keywords: Harvesting time, Growth, Potato, Temperature

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-12-2011

End Date: 00-03-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To find out the processing varieties most suitable for Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur during December, 2011 to March, 2012 on an upland soil (Block No. 14). It is located at the center of Madhupur Tract (24°05' N latitude and 90°25' E longitude) at an elevation of 8.4 m above the sea level. The experimental site is situated in the sub-tropical region characterized by heavy rainfall during the months from May to September and scant rainfall during rest period of the year. The experiment was conducted in a split plot design with three replications. The unit plot size was 5.4 m x 3 m having plot to plot and block to block distances of 0.75 m and 1.0 m, respectively. Main plot treatment was three varieties viz. Asterix, Lady Rosetta and Courage sub plot treatment was three different harvesting times 80, 90 and 100 DAP, respectively. The experimental field was mechanically ploughed, laddered and leveled until fine tilth. A fertilizer dose of N, P, K and S was applied in the form of Urea, Triple Supper Phosphate (TSP), Muriate of potash (MoP), Gypsum, respectively along with cow dung. Full doses of cow dung (10 t ha^-1), TSP (220 kg ha^-1), MP (270 kg ha^-1), Gypsum (120 kg ha^-1), Boric acid (6 kg ha^-1) and half doses of Urea (175 kg ha^-1) were applied at final land preparation. The rest half doses of Urea (175 kg ha^-1) were applied as top dressings at 30 DAP followed by earthing up and light irrigation. The seed tubers were planted on December 3, 2011. Seed tubers were planted in each unit plot maintaining a spacing of about 60 cm X 20 cm and in 10 cm depth in furrows. Intercultural operations such as weeding, earthing up were done manually. After spading the soil between the rows, weeds were removed. Earthing up was done in two times during growing period. First earthing up was done at 30 DAP when the plant attained a height of about 15-20 cm, while the last one was done after 20 days of first earthing up. Before first earthing up, urea was applied. Irrigation was applied five times. First one was applied two weeks after planting while the rest irrigation was applied at 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after planting (DAP). During land preparation, Furadan 5G was applied @10 kg ha^-1 as basal dose and Malathion (0.2%) was sprayed in two installments at 45 and 60 DAP control insects. The crops also sprayed five times with Dithane-M 45 (0.2%) and Secure (0.1%) alternately (at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 DAP, respectively) to prevent late blight infection of potato (Dey et al. 2007). The haulms were pulled at 80, 90 and 100 days after planting. Tubers were harvested ten days after haulm pulling. Data on growth yield and yield contributing characters were recorded from the sample plants of each plot during the course of experiment. The sampling was done randomly. The plants in the outer row were excluded during sampling. To find out the significance of experimental result the data on different parameters were analyzed statistically by using MSTAT-C program. The mean for all the treatments were calculated and analysis of variances for each parameter was performed by F-test. The mean separation was done by the DMRT at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 12(2):17-25 (May 2017)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://ggfjournals.com/e-journals archive

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the study, we found that yield of tuber harvested at 80 DAP and 100 DAP is lower than the tubers harvested at 90 DAP. The highest yield was obtained from the variety Asterix followed by Courage and lowest was in Lady Rosetta. The field temperature during tuber development was nearly 15°C to 16°C, which was optimum temperature for potato production. The field temperature increases at the later stages of maturity; it was nearly 22°C at 90 and 100 DAP which is not that much favorable for potato production. Among the three varieties the highest yield was obtained from the variety Asterix followed by Courage.

Knowledge Management: Journal