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Prevalence of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Jhum Morich (jhum Chilli) Seeds

M.M. Karim
Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur.

R. Mmomotaz
Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,

M. Arifunnahar
Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,

M.N. Islam
Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,

M.M.E. Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Fungi associated with the seeds of jhum chilli which is locally known as "jhum morich" collected from three different upazilla of Khagrachari hill district of Bangladesh were recorded. Nine different fungi encountered in jhum morich seeds, in order of prevalence, were- Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum capsici, Doratomyces sp., Curvularia lunata, Alternaria solani, Aspergillus candidus, Cercospora capsici. Prevalence of the total as well as the individual seed-borne fungal infections recorded in jhum morich varied significantly with respect to sources of seed collection. Seed germination also varied significantly depending on the seed sources. No definite relationship between germination and seed-borne fungal infections was observed.

Keywords: Seed-borne fungi, Jhum chilli, Seed

Location: Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-01-2009

End Date: 00-05-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Chilli

Objectives:

To study the prevalence of fungi in seeds of jhum morich grown in hilly region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur during 2009 cropping season using the seeds of chilli grown in hilly region which is locally known as "jhum morich". A total of 12 jhum morich seed samples were collected from three different upazilla of Khagrachari district namely- Khagrachari sadar, Dighinala and Panchari. From each upazilla four seed samples were collected at farmer’s level. The jhum morich seed samples of Khagrachari sadar, Dighinala and Panchari upazilla were designated as Sadar 1, Sadar 2, Sadar 3, Sadar 4, Dighinala 1, Dighinala 2, Dighinala 3, Dighinala 4, Panchari 1, Panchari 2, Panchari 3 and Panchari 4. Each sample contain about 50 gm seeds. Seeds were collected during January to May, 2009. Collected seed samples were kept in paper bags and stored in the refrigerator at 5±1°C for further study. Health of all the seed samples used were analyzed for detection of fungi by the Blotter Method following the International Rules for Seed Testing Association (ISTA 2001). In this method, three pieces of filter paper (Whatman No. 1) were soaked in sterilized water and placed at the bottom of 9 cm dia. glass petridish. Two hundred seeds from each sample were taken randomly and then placed on the moist filter paper in 8 replicated petridishes at the rate of 25 seeds per plate. The petridishes with seeds were then incubated at 22±°C under 12/12 hours alternating cycles of NUV and darkness in the incubation room of the laboratory for seven days. After incubation the seeds were examined under the stereo microscope for recording the seed-borne fungal infections grown on the incubated seeds. Seed-borne infections of fungi observed under the stereo microscope were identified by observing their growth characters on the incubated jhum morich seeds in the Blotter method. The fungi were identified to species level, wherever possible, following the keys of Malone and Musket (1964); Raper and Fennel (1965); RamNath et al. (1970); Booth (1971); Ellis (1971); Chidambaram et al. (1973); Mathur and Kongsdal (2003). Germination was recorded with natural soil in plastic pot in the field laboratory. Two thousand seeds were used for germination test in 10 replicate (200 seeds/tray). Data on germination were recorded after 4, 7 and 14 days after sowing. But germination recorded on the 14^th day was taken into final account. Germination was expressed in percentage. The data were analyzed following the Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The mean differences for efficiency of the treatments were judged by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 12(3):7-12 (November 2017)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://ggfjournals.com/e-journals archive

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the present study, seed-borne infections and germination percentages were recorded from jhum morich seeds collected from three different upazilla of Khagrachari hill district. Seed-borne fungal infections detected, varied from 37.5-91.0% in jhum morich. Similarly, Germination of seeds of jhum morich varied significantly from 65.9-82.3%. The results show that, no definite relationship between germination and seed-borne fungal infections was observed. In this present study, pathogenicity of different species of fungi of jhum morich has not been conducted. To demonstrate the role of these fungi associated with seeds of jhum morich pathogenicity needs to be tested.

Knowledge Management: Journal