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Efficacy of Some Plant Extracts Against Root-knot (meloidogyne Javanica) of Chilli

R.K. Singha
MS Student
Department of Plant Pathology, HSTU, Dinajpur

S.M.E. Hassan
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, HSTU, Dinajpur.

M.M. Islam
MS Student
Department of Plant Pathology, HSTU, Dinajpur

N.B.Islam
MS Student
Department of Plant Pathology, HSTU, Dinajpur

S.M.M. Hossain
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, HSTU, Dinajpur.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The standard (S) and half-standard (S/2) leaf extract of Bermuda grass, Water spinach, Ivy leaf morning glory, Nisinda, and Justicia were tested against root-knot of chilli caused by Meloidogyne javanicain pot experiment after 10 days of transplantation. Among the plant extracts, standard (S) extract of Bermuda grass followed by Water spinach gave superior result as it had increased shoot and root length as well as fresh weight of shoot and root respectively with the lowest galling incidence and development of adult female, J2, J3 and J4 juveniles of Meloidogyne javanicain chilli. Comparatively better effect on plant growth characters with lower galling incidence and development of the nematode was observed with standard (S) extract of Ivy leaf morning glory leaf followed by standard (S) extract of Nisinda leaf. Half-standard (S/2) extract of Bermuda grass also gave promising result on plant growth characters with lower galling incidence and development of the nematode. Comparatively lower effect of plant growth character was found with half-standard (S/2) extract of Water spinach leaf followed by half-standard (S/2) extract of Ivy leaf morning glory leaf. Half standard (S/2) extracts of Nisinda and Justicia leaf were also found effective as compared to control.

Keywords: Root-knot, Plant extract, Meloidogyne, Chilli,

Location: HSTU, Dinajpur.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Nematodes, Chilli, Extract (plant, seed)

Objectives:

To determine the dose and superior extract for controlling root-knot of chilli in the northern region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The pot experiment was carried out with Standard (S) and half-standard (S/2) concentration of different plant extracts applied after 10 days of transplantation. At first, sandy loam soil, sand and well decomposed cowdung were collected and mixed properly at the ratio of 2: 2:1. The mixed soil was sterilized with formalin at the rate of 3% per cubic feet soil. Then earthen pots (30 cm diameter) were washed with water and sterilized with formalin and filled with 4 kg sterilized and dried soil. Before sowing, collected seeds were surface sterilized with low concentration of mercuric chloride solution (0.001%) for 1 minute and subsequently washing was done with clean water for thrice. Seeds of chilli were sown in separate big earthen pot (50 cm diameter) with sterilized soil and treated as seed beds. Seedling of chilli at the age of 35 days was transplanted in each earthen pot (30 cm diameter). Ten reddish brown mature egg masses were inoculated in each pot around the standing plant in 2 holes (2.5 cm deep), five egg masses on each side of the plant. The twenty five gram of Bermuda grass was macerated in an electric blender and soaked separately in l00 ml distilled water in several conical flask and was kept for 24 hours and then it was filtered. Thus, these filtrates treated as standard (S). Subsequent dilution with the addition of required distilled water, half-standard (S/2) concentration of Bermuda grass extract was prepared. The same procedure was followed in the preparation of standard (S) and half-standard (S/2) of Water spinach, Ivy leaf morning glory, Nisinda and Justicia leaf extract. Leaf extracts used were as T₀ = Control (without extract), T₁ = 25 ml Justicia leaf (S) extract, T₂ = 25 ml Justicia leaf (S/2) extract, T₃ = 25 ml Nisinda leaf (S) extract, T₄ = 25 ml Nisinda leaf (S/2) extract, T₅ = 25 ml Ivy leaf morning glory leaf (S) extract, T₆ = 25 ml Ivy leaf morning glory (S/2) extract, T₇ = 25 ml Water spinach leaf (S) extract, T₈ = 25 ml Water spinach leaf (S/2) extract, T₉ = 25 ml Bermuda grass leaf (S) extract, T₁₀ = 25 ml Bermuda grass leaf (S/2) extract. Plant extract was applied to the respective pot plants just after 10 days of transplantation. After 30, 60 and 90 days of inoculation, plants were uprooted carefully to study the following characters: Length of shoot, Length of root, Fresh weight of shoot, Fresh weight of root and Number of gall/g fresh root. Staining of gall roots was performed to count the nematode population. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with three replications. Collected data were analyzed statistically to find out the level of significance. The mean differences were evaluated at P = 0.05 level by Duncan?s New Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 11(3):12-19 (August 2016)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://ggfjournals.com/e-journals archive

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result of the present study revealed that the use of plant extracts, especially the extracts of Bermuda grass can be used as a means of biological control of Meloidogyne javanica in chilli. The findings, hopefully, be useful to the researchers in this discipline to explore the use of Bermuda grass extract include in other plant extract in nemic disease management of vegetables and spice crops economically and with eco-friendly condition. But more research need to be carried out in order to recommend the use of Bermuda grass extract, Water spinach leaf extract, Ivy leaf morning glory leaf extract, Nisinda leaf extract and Justicia leaf extract for controlling nematode of chilli at field level.

Knowledge Management: Journal