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Screening of Water Stress Tolerant Sugar Beet (beta Vulgaris L.) Genotypes

R.K. Ganapati
Breeding Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Bangladesh

M.M. Rahman
Breeding Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Bangladesh

R.C. Kabiraj
Soil and Nutrition Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Bangladesh

R. Sen
Department of Agricultural and Industrial Engineering, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Bangladesh.

M.S. Islam
Soil and Nutrition Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Crop production is severely affected by water stress in Bangladesh while irregular and limited precipitation is the major cause of drought. The use of drought-tolerant cultivars is one of the sustainable methods for coping with water deficiency in such regions. Prior to breeding and introduction of a cultivar, it is necessary to determine the relative drought tolerance of potential parental genotypes. Seventeen sugar beet populations were evaluated under moisture stress and non-stress conditions. Irrigation was conducted at one light and three deep furrow irrigation under stress and non-stress conditions respectively as well as permits natural evaporation. It was found that all of the studied traits were significantly different among the genotypes under stress and non-stress conditions. Cauvery and Srenada perform better in stress environment. The study of the relations among the stress and non-stress conditions revealed that increasing of brix percent lead to increasing of brown sugar yield whereas increasing of chlorophyll content under stress condition lead to decreased root yield. Beside this, stress influences the root length.

Keywords: G×E interaction, Sugar beet, Drought, Brown sugar, Brix

Location: Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute (BSRI) Sub-station, Barisal

Start Date: 00-12-2015

End Date: 00-04-2016

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Sugar beet, Water management

Objectives:

To assess the effects of water stress on some important traits of sugar beet lines.

Methodology:

The study was carried out at Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute (BSRI) Sub-station, Barisal in December to April, 2015-16 cropping season. Seventeen sugar beet genotypes (Cauvery, Shubhra, HI 0044, HI 0473, SZ 35, PAC 60008, SV 887, SV 889, SV891, SV 892, SV 893, SV 894, Danicia, Aranka, Serenada, Natura and Bellaza) were evaluated under stress and non stress conditions in a split plot experiment on the basis of a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The main plots were irrigation treatment with two levels (stress and non-stress) and sub plots were genotypes. The Subhra was used as check. The planting rows were spaced 50 cm apart and the plants were spaced 20 cm apart after thinning. There was one meter spacing between replications and one row on both sides of the replications was left as margin. The plots were irrigated by furrow irrigation method. Under non-stress conditions, the irrigation was carried out under three heavy irrigation and natural evaporation, whereas under stress conditions, one light irrigation after seven days of sowing is applied and permit natural evaporation. Permitting natural evaporation in both the environment the average moisture conservation in stress and non-stress field condition were respectively 19.39% and 34.52%. The soil moisture were measured in gravimetric method. The plots were fertilized with 260 kg urea, 120 kg TSP, 225 kg MoP 100 kg Gypsum, 10 kg Zinc Sulphet, 20 kg Borax and 1.5 ton Cowdung. The traits were recorded during the growing season and at harvest time as follows: to measure leaf chlorophyll content in stress and non-stress conditions, three leaf samples were taken from the randomly selected plants of each plot and their chlorophyll contents were measured by chlorophyll-meter SPAD-502Plus (Konika Minolta, Japan) considering their average as the leaf chlorophyll content of each replication. After harvest, the beet roots were transferred to sub-station laboratory and the weight and length of the roots of each plot was measured after washing them. Then, sucrose content (brix%) was measured by refractometer ATAGO Manual. Other traits brown sugar Yield (BSY) were measured by slicing the beet from a plot and diffuse the slices for sucrose harvest as juice. Then boil the juice to obtain brown sugar (Goor) according to Abdollahian Noghabi et al. (2011). Completely randomized experimental block design was used in all experiments and all data were statistically analyzed using STAR Nebula (2013).

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 11(3): 29-35 (August 2016)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://ggfjournals.com/e-journals archive

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Evaluating all seventeen genotypes Cauvery and Srenada perform better in all environments. Although there were differences among the sugar beet genotypes for some plant characteristics under stress conditions, the genotypes’ yield performance cannot be predicted from a single trait. Each trait represents a specific reaction of the sugar beet plant to drought stress. Therefore, it is recommended that several criteria be considered to select the suitable sugar beet variety for drought prone area.

Knowledge Management: Journal