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Prevalence and Intensity of Insect Pests and Its Seasonal Fluctuation on Some Vegetables

M.M.R. Shah
Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Nashipur, Dinajpur-5200.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rangpur and at farmers’ field surroundings five km from the RARS station in the Rabi season of 2016-17. Continuous monitoring of insect pests is essentially important to know its status on different crops (viz. vegetables, fruits, cereals etc.) subject to forecast their control measure. In this present study, in situ observation was made on some vegetables viz. eggplant, Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae) countrybean Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae), tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae), field pumpkin Cucurbita pepo (Cucurbitaceae), cauliflower, Brassica oleracea (Cruciferae) and okra Abelmoschus esculentus (Malvaceae). Results revealed that all most all crops were invaded by aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, jassid, Amrasca devastans (Dist.), thrips, Thrips palmi Karny and red mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. The highest number of aphid population was observed among the sucking insects during December-January (vegetative stage) on cauliflower (9.8 ± 0.9) and eggplant (8.2 ± 0.9). During February-March (flowering/fruiting stage), higher number of thrips and aphids were found all of the crops. At the month of April-May (maturing stage), higher number of thrips (from 2.9±0.3 to 9.5±0.8) was found all of the crops and higher number of jassid population (7.5 ± 0.5, and 5.1 ± 0.5) was found on eggplant and okra, respectively. A new insect Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) was found in tomato field and it is high intensity was observed in the month of March and April. These results provided important information about insect population dynamics with seasonal fluctuation on vegetables.

Keywords: Sucking insects, Tuta absoluta, Seasonal fluctuation, Vegetables, Jassid

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Burirhat, Rangpur

Start Date: 00-00-2016

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases and insects

Objectives:

The present study has been undertaken to assess the insect pests’ status and seasonal fluctuation of some insect pests on different vegetable crops.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Burirhat, Rangpur and at farmers’ field surrounding the RARS station during Rabi season of 2016-17. For sucking insects, eggplant Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae), country bean Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae), tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae) field pumpkin Cucurbita pepo (Cucurbitaceae), cauliflower, Brassica oleracea (Cruciferae) and okra Abelmoschus esculentus (Malvaceae) were considered in this study. In situ data collection was carried out through randomly selected 40 plants of each plant species in a field. One leaf was considered from each of individual plant for data collection. Adult of each insect species was counted through eye observation and hand lens was used as when necessary. Data were collected at three growth stages of vegetable crop likely vegetative, flowering/ fruiting and maturing stage during December/ 2016-January/ 2017, February-March/ 2017 and April-May/ 2017, respectively. Tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta a new insect pest of tomato also monitored using pheromone trap in this study. T. absoluta pheromone traps were installed in 15 December 2016 at different experimental tomato fields of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Burirhat, Rangpur. Two different kinds of lure viz. UK made pheromone lure (Russell IPM lure) and India made pheromone lure (TLM lure) were set in the trap, plastic made jar having triangular shaped opening on both sides. Traps were placed 40 meter far from one to another where maintaining trap height at tomato plants canopy level. Every seven days interval traps were observed and counted the number of T. absoluta adult in each trap. For sucking insects, the data of insect number were calculated and subjected to one way ANOVA through IBM SPSS software version 19. For T. absoluta, data were calculated into mean value for all UK made pheromone lure and India made pheromone lure separately. Means were separated through the least significant difference (LSD) test at P ≤ 0.05 when treatment effects differed significantly.

Source of Information: Int. J. Expt. Agric. 9(2):1-5 (September 2019)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://ggfjournals.com/e-journals archive

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the month of December and January, aphid was the dominant insect which was found more number on cauliflower and eggplant. In February and March, thrips as well as aphid were dominant pests and jassid was promising one where in April and May, thrips and jassid were the leading insect pests on almost all of the crops. Tomato leaf miner, T. absoluta a new pest invasion occurred in Bangladesh. Its high intensity was prevailed in the month of March and April. Now days, this insect is spreading throughout the country.

Knowledge Management: Journal