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Physical and Engineering Properties of BARI Released Three Groundnut Varieties

MA Hoque
FMP Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The knowledge of the physical characteristics of particles is essential for the designer of agricultural machines. The study was aimed to determine physical and engineering properties of three selected varieties of groundnuts cultivated in Bangladesh such as Dhaka-1, BARI Badam-8 and BARI Badam-9 at safe storage moisture content of 7.5%. One hundred groundnut pods and kernels were randomly selected and the length, width and thickness were measured using a vernier caliper. The geometric mean diameter, sphericity, aspect ratio was calculated using standard formula and measured values. Bulk density, true density, mass and porosity were found through direct weighing and water displacement. Angle of repose of pods and kernels was also measured on wood, glass and mild steel sheet surfaces. BARI Badam-9 had the highest pod geometric mean diameter and BARI Badam-8 had the highest kernel geometric mean diameter. Sphericity of groundnut pod was the highest for Dhaka-1. Surface area of pod and aspect ratio of both pod and kernel were the highest in BARI Badam-9. Porosity of the pod was the least for BARI Badam-8. Angle of repose of kernel varied on wood and glass. But it was similar for kernel on MS sheet for the varieties. This result will be useful to design and develop groundnut processing equipment for different varietal variability

Keywords: Groundnut, Engineering properties, Geometric dimensions, Pods, Kernels

Location: Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering (FMPE) Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Ground nut, Drier

Objectives:

To obtain some engineering properties of pods and kernels of the three selected groundnut varieties.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering (FMPE) Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh during 2015-16. Three varieties of groundnut commonly cultivated in Bangladesh were identified, selected and collected from Oilseed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. These were Dhaka-1, BARI Badam-8 and BARI Badam-9. These varieties were selected on the basis that BARI Badam-8 and BARI Badam- 9 are trying to replace local and old varieties for better yield and reduce insect and pest susceptibility (BARI, 2017). Samples were collected at maturity from the field and harvesting was done manually. The pods were cleaned to remove all foreign materials. All samples were dried with mechanical dryer and maintained same storage moisture content of 7.5% (db) for the experiment. The moisture content was determined by drying the samples in an oven at 60°C for 12 h to a constant weight and their respective moisture contents were determined using Equation (1) as suggested by Baumler et al. (2006). MC (%) = W_wd - W_d / Wd x 100 (1); Where, MC= Moisture content (db), % W_wd= Initial weight of sample, g; W_d=Final weight of sample, g In order to determine dimensions, one hundred groundnut pods were randomly selected. For each pod, the three principal dimensions, namely length, width and thickness of pods and kernels were measured using a vernier caliper having the least count of 0.01 mm. The grain mass was determined using an electronic balance having an accuracy of 0.01 g.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(4): 609-620, December 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v44i4.45696

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

BARI Badam-9 had the highest pod geometric mean diameter and BARI Badam-8 had the highest kernel geometric mean diameter at moisture content of 7.5% (d.b). The lowest pod and kernel geometric mean diameters were for Dhaka-1. Sphericity of groundnut pod was the highest for Dhaka-1. Surface area of pod was the highest in BARI Badam-9. Aspect ratio of pod and kernel was the lowest in BARI Badam-9. Porosity of the pod was the least for BARI Badam-8. Angle of repose of kernel was statistically similar for BARI Badam-8 and BARI Badam-9 on wood and glass. But angle of repose did not vary for kernel on MS sheet for the varieties. The results thus help the designers to design an efficient groundnut processing machines for groundnut varieties in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal