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Moisture Level and Storage Container Effects on Seed Quality of Soybean Genotypes Under Ambient Condition

MR Ali
Principal Scientific Officer
RARS, Jamalpur, Bangladesh.

MM Rahman
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M Asaduzzaman
Senior Scientific Officer
RARS, Jamalpur, Bangladesh.

MAH Khan
Senior Scientific Officer
OFRD, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

J Rahman
Scientific Officer
RARS, Jamalpur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Seed Laboratory, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jamalpur in 2013 to study the effect of seed moisture content and storage containers on seed quality of soybean genotypes. Three genotypes of soybean (AGS 191, ASET 93 and Shohag), four initial seed moisture content (6, 8, 10 and 12%) and two types of storage containers (polythene bag and glass jar) were included in the experimental treatment. Seeds of soybean genotypes was stored at ambient condition were temperature ranged from 15.97 to 29.37 0C, relative humidity ranged from 75.21 to 86.23% and rainfall ranged from 0.00 to 425mm during the whole storage period. Seed moisture content (%), germination (%) and vigour index were recorded at 50, 100, 150 and 200 days after storage (DAS). Result showed that final seed moisture content increased with the increase of initial seed moisture content. Genotype AGS 191 showed the highest germination (%) and vigour index. Seeds stored in polythene bag or glass jar showed similar performance for germination (%) and vigour index. Highest seed moisture content significantly reduced the germination and vigour index irrespective of containers. The results indicate that soybean seed can be stored safely for at least 200 days maintaining >80% germination and high vigour when stored in polythene bag or glass jar with 6-8% initial moisture content at ambient room temperature and relative humidity.

Keywords: Soybean, Seed moisture, Storage container, Vigour

Location: Seed Laboratory, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jamalpur

Start Date: 00-05-2013

End Date: 00-12-2013

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To develop appropriate storage techniques to maintain desired viability and vigour of soybean seeds.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Seed Laboratory of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jamalpur during May to December 2013. Daily temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), total monthly rainfall and monthly relative humidity were collected from records of the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jamalpur. The average monthly maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity and total rainfall that prevailed during the experimental period have been presented in Table 1. The maximum and minimum temperatures were found in the month of April and January, Heavy rainfall was observed during the month of April to October whereas it was scanty during the month of November to March. There was no rainfall in the month of December. Monthly average relative humidity ranged from 75.21 to 86.23%. Three soybean genotypes (AGS 191, ASET 93 and Shohag), two storage container (polythene bag and glass jar) and four level of initial seed moisture content (6, 8, 10 and 12%) were used as treatment variables. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The crop was grown at Regional Agricultural Research Station Farm, Jamalpur with proper agronomic management. The crop was harvested at full maturity and after proper processing, cleaning and drying the seed was stored in polythene bags until used for experimentation. The seed was dried in the sun on a tripale set on the cemented floor to about 6% initial seed moisture content (SMC). Just before final storage the seed was re-hydrated at 70% relative humidity (RH) for required period of time to obtain targeted moisture contents were achieved. Each container was completely filled with seed as per experimental specification and then made air tight. The seed was tested for different quality parameters at 50, 100, 150 and 200 days after storage (DAS). The containers were kept in the laboratory under ambient room condition (23-32^oC temperature and 78.64% relative humidity). The quality parameters tested were seed moisture content, germination percentage and vigour index. Seed moisture content was measured using high constant temperature oven dry method following ISTA rules (2003). About 5-8g of seeds were taken in the aluminum dish and dried in the oven at 130 ^oC for 2 hours (until constant weight reached). Germination test was done in sand culture method. Two third of a plastic dish (20 cm diameter and 15 cm deep) was filled with sterilized sand having 60% water holding capacity. Randomly collected 100 seeds from each container were placed into the sand for the germination test. The germination dishes were placed in the germination cabinet and seedling evaluation was done at 8 days after placing the test. The number of normal seedlings per dish was regarded as the germination percentage. Germination index of seed was estimated from the seed set in the germination test by calculating the vigour index formula. The seedling emerged each day having radical length of 2 cm or more was considered as germinated. At the end of the storage period, randomly selected 100 seeds from each seed lot in three replications were sown in the well prepared field. The number of seedlings emerged each day were counted up to 15 days after sowing. Data analysis was done following the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and mean differences were adjusted by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test at 5% level of significance with a computer package programme MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(4): 631-640, December 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v44i4.45698

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study conclude that seeds of AGS 191, ASET 93 and Shohag could be stored in polythene bag or glass jar at 6 to 8% initial seed moisture content safely for maintaining high seed quality. However, seed with high moisture content should never be stored in air tight container.

Knowledge Management: Journal