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Physicochemical Analysis of Mymensingh Municipality Sewage Water and Old Brahmaputra River Water

M. Uddin
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

S. Talukder
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.S. Hossen
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.T. Hossain
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of the Old Brahmaputra River and Sewage water in Mymensingh Municipality. To perform the study fifty samples were collected from five different stations from the river and surrounding sewage discharge points. The samples were analyzed to determine pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd). The mean value of pH was 7.1 and 6.8 for river and sewage water samples, respectively. Mean EC value was 183 µS/cm and 589.18 µS/cm for river and sewage samples, respectively signifies that EC of all samples were within the acceptable range. 66.32 ppm and 260.36 ppm were the mean TDS value for river and sewage samples, respectively indicates no harm to aquatic lives and irrigation water use. Mean DO and BOD values for river water samples were 4.21 mg/L and 6.02 mg/L, respectively. 3.08 mg/L and 9.98 mg/L were the mean DO and BOD values for sewage water samples, respectively implies that river water is usable for irrigation but sewage water is unfit for it. Mean Pb concentration for river and sewage water samples was 0.428 ppm and 0.467 ppm, respectively.

Keywords: Old Brahmaputra River, Physicochemical properties, Water quality

Location: Sadarupazila, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Sewage

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to evaluate water quality of Old Brahmaputra river in Mymensingh municipality.

Methodology:

The study area located at the Sadarupazila, Mymensingh. Old Brahmaputra river is linked with several sewerage as the municipality wastewater meet the river after 2 or 3 km distance. The study was carried out in drains or channels and surrounding river water bodies from five different discharge points at Boishakhi Chottor area of BAU campus, Kewatkhali Railway Colony area, Mymensingh Zero Point area, Circuit House area and Uttara Police Line area. Thirty samples were collected for pH, EC, TDS, DO and BOD determination and twenty samples were collected and analyzed for heavy metal determination. Three replications were made when samples were collected from each sampling point for physicochemical analysis and two replications were made for heavy metal analysis. The 250 ml plastic bottles (total 50 in number) were cleaned and washed with detergent solution and treated with 5% nitric acid (HNO₃) over night. Each bottle was rinsed three times with the appropriate amount of sample before final sample collection. The water samples were immediately transported to the laboratory for physicochemical analysis. pH was assessed with a digital pH meter (HACH SensIonTM+EC5, USA) and EC (Electric conductivity) was measured with the help of EC meter (HACH SensIonTM+EC5, USA) following the method as outlined by Singh et al. (1999). Total dissolved solids (TDS) were determined by digital TDS meter (modelHM digital, Germany). DO was determined by digital DO meter (YSI, Model 58, USA). BOD test was carried out by means of difference of DO level in water samples before and after incubation. First the DO level of samples was examined using a DO meter (YSI, Model 58, USA) and then the diluted samples (10ml sample + 90ml distilled water) were kept in an incubator at 20ºC for five days. After incubation period, the DO level of the samples was again determined. The BOD was calculated from the difference of dissolved oxygen before and after incubation .Determination of heavy metal concentrations was done by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) (model-UNICAM 969, England). Mono element hollow cathode lamp was used for measurement of each heavy metal of interest. Data analysis At the ends of data collection, data were compiled, tabulated and analyzed. MS Excel of Office 2007 version was used for data presentation. Various descriptive statistical measures such as range, mean, standard deviation (SD) etc were used for categorization and describing the variables.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(2): 105-108, 2017 ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Bangladesh is a riverine country with a number of important rivers which provides huge potentiality for economic development. The assessed physicochemical parameters indicate that the water quality of sewage water was unfit for commercial, recreational, fisheries and irrigation purposes but river water can be used as livestock rearing, fisheries and irrigation source. Moreover, the present study concludes that the Old Brahmaputra river water within the study area was not suitable for drinking. River water is currently being used for discharging of sewage, boating, fishing and religious ritual activities. Impurities generated from fertilizer and pesticide application, municipality, household waste discharge in the river water through sewerage channels affect the river water quality. It is important that the river water is subjected to continuous monitoring and treatment process if the water is to be used for drinking, agricultural, commercial and domestic purposes.

Knowledge Management: Journal