The present work was based on the materials deposited at the Bangladesh National Herbarium (DACB), Kew Herbarium (K) and also in the Central National Herbarium, India (CAL), to evaluate the members of the family Lindsaeaceae in Bangladesh.The study reveals that in Bangladesh the above mentioned two genera are present, and the genus Lindsaea Dryand ex Smith is represented by four species, namely, L. ensifolia, L. odorata, L. lucida and L. doryphora ; and the genus Sphenomeris is represented by only one species, S. chinensis. The taxonomic description with keys to the genera and species, illustrations, specimens examined, distribution, short notes and proposal for present conservation measures are given below. Typically terrestrial or rarely epiphytic ferns of moderate size with creeping rhizome. Fronds pinnate or bipinnate, lamina pinnately divided, sometimes decompound; veins often free or in some cases anastomosing to form oblique areoles. Sori marginal or terminal. Rhizome creeping or climbing. Stipes slender, grooved on the adaxial surface. Fronds pinnate or bipinnate. Pinnae or pinnules, semi-cresent-shaped, trapezoid or parallelogram-shaped, the upper and outer edges soriferous; soriferous edges entire or lobbed; lower edge always strongly thickened towards the base and decurrent upon the raised edge of the rachis; inner edge (acroscopic basal edge) always thin and close to the rachis, uppermost leaflets gradually or abruptly reduced. Venation of leaflets repeatedly dichotomous with no distinct midrib. Sori submarginal, linear. Sporangia with slightly oblique annulus. Spores pale, tetrahedral, minutely warty. Rhizome rather short creeping, 1.5-2 mm thick; scales medium brown, very narrowly triangular, to 1.5-2 mm long. Stipe slightly apart from each other. Fronds bipinnate about 25-35 cm long, with 5-7 branches. Pinnules usually 20-25 pairs to a side, with a long crenulate apex, subcontiguous, chartaceous, olive-green when dry, having a metallic sheen, somewhat variable in shape, if large, spreading or slightly decurved, not rarely with concave lower margin, 2.5-3 times as long as wide; if smaller similar or roundedtrapeziform, 2-2.5 times as long as wide; largest pinnules about 25 by 8 mm, but more often about 10-25 by 4-6 mm., upper margin of the outward increasingly convex, a distinct outer margin hardly developed. Sterile pinnae margin shallowly crenate towards the apex of the pinnule. Upper pinnules simple pinnate. Veins immersed, rather close, free, mostly twice forked. Sori occupying all vein-ends of a pinnule or only the inner ones, continuous; indusium pale to dark, entire. Spores pale brownish, oval in shape. Rhizome short-creeping. Stipes pale, or dark purplish when old, to about 35 cm. long, grooved. Fronds long simple pinnate, 1-5 pairs of pinnules, about 30 cm. long and 1.5 cm broad. Texture of the lamina firm straw colour when mature, very variable in length and width, about 10-20 cm. long and o.4-2.0 cm. wide, sessile or with a short-winged stalked, narrowly lanceolate with a cuneate base and somewhat acuminate apex. Sori continuous along the edge of the pinnae, the indusium firm, entire, almost reaching the edge of the lamina. Specimens examined: Chittagong: Chittagong, (6.5.1851) Hooker & Thomson 299/C (K); Khagera, (March 1880), Gamble 7909 (K); Chittagong town, (13.7.2004), Momtaz Mahal Mirza, Mm 426 (DACB). Maulvi Bazar: Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI) campus, (19.5.2005), Momtaz Mahal Mirza, Mm 542 (DACB). Panchagarh: Giragoa, (Simatha fari), (16.7.2005), Momtaz Mahal Mirza, Mm 641 (DACB). Rhizome short, creeping. Stipe dark brown about 30-40 cm. long. Fronds simple pinnate, 25-30 pairs of pinnae on each side. Pinnules .5- 1.5 cm. long and 1.5-2.5 cm. broad almost round to quadrangular in shape. The basal pinnae somewhat reduced and more widely spaced, the apical ones rather abruptly reduced, texture thin. Veins distinct. Lower edge nearly straight; upper edge usually with 3-4 shallow lobes separated by narrow sinus, each lobe with concave edge bearing single sorus. Sori is slightly elongated narrow in shape. Specimen examined: Chittagong: Kasalong, (22.2.1876) J.L. Lister (CAL). Rhizome short-creeping. Stipes apart from each other, nearly black when old, shining at the maturity, about 3-18 cm. long. Fronds simple pinnate, to about 20 cm. long,15-25 pairs pinnae on each side, Pinnae 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 1.00-2.00 cm broad, the pinnae distinctly spaced, those a little above the base largest, the upper ones gradually reduced, the apical one very small. Pinnae half cresent-shaped; lower edge curved toward its distal end; upper edge shallowly lobed; lobes usually 3 or 4 in number. Sori marginal on each lobe. Specimen examined: Sylhet: Griffith s.n.