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Study on the Morpho-physiological Character of Four Quality Protein of Maize (corn)

S. K. Mondal*
Ecological Conservation and Development, Caritas, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman
Botanical Garden, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to find out the morpho-physiological variability in response to different sowing dates in four lines of Quality Protein Maize (QPM) in in the Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The study was carried out with four lines of maize and two sowing dates, 15 November (T1) and 15 December, ((T2). Sowing date differed significantly in plant height, length of leaf blade, length of leaf sheath, leaf breadth, cob length, cob diameter, length of tassel, days to 50% tasselling, days to 50 % silking, days to maturity, number of cobs per plant, cob weight, number of grain per cob. 1000-seed weight, percent underdeveloped cob, total dry matter and grain yield, but did not differ in number of leaves and protein percent. The lines differed significantly among themselves in those characters except number of leaves per plant, length of leaf sheath, cob length, cob diameter, days to 50% tasselling, number of cobs per plants and number of grain per cob. The line Across 8666 (V2) and (V3) gave the highest grain yield 4.57 and 4.55 and the lowest from (V4) lines 4.41 tons per hectare. The 15 November sowing time (T1) gave the highest grain yield 4.86 tons per hectare. In case of interaction, the earlier planting time (T1) showed better performance with all lines. On the other hand, the highest yield was found from combination of line V2 and V3 with earlier planting time (T1).

Keywords: Morpho-physiological Character, Maize, Protein quality

Location: Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Maize, Protein

Objectives:

The present piece of work was undertaken to find out the effects of different sowing dates on the morpho-physiological characters of four lines of quality protein maize (QPM).

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The experiment site is located at 20°N latitude and 91°E longitude, having an altitude of 8.3 m. The experimental plots were previously cropped with rice and wheat in the preceding kharif and robi seasons. After final land preparation on 1st November with cow dung at the rate of 5 t/ha. The land was finally prepared on the 15 November by repeated ploughing and laddering for planting maize. There were two factors of this experiment. Factor A: seeds of four lines of QPM (Quality Protein Maize were collected from Crop Botany Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh and Factor B: two different planting times like 15 November (T1) and 15 December (T2) . These were the four Mexican lines of QPM. The QPM lines are called as- (1) V1 = Poza Rica (1) 8763 , (2) V2 = Across-8666, (3) V3 = Across 8565 and (4) V4 = Pooh 15Q.The experiment was fitted in the split plot design with lines in the main plot and time of sowing/planting in the sub plot with three replications. The size of the individua1l plot was 20 m² (5m × 4m). The first sowing was done on the 15 November in 12 plots. The hole was opened by a bamboo stick at a desired distance and one seed was placed in each hill. The seeds were sown in lines at 75 x 50 cm spacing. The seeds were placed at a depth of approximately 1 inch from the soil surface. Second planting was done on 15th December. After that, crop was taken care by following different intercultural operations like weeding, earthling up, following the same procedure. Irrigation etc. as necessary. Data from 10 randomly selected plants from the middle of each plot on individual plant basis were recorded in order to avoid boarder effect. Data were collected on plant height, leaves per plant, length of leaf blade (cm), length of leaf sheath, leaf breadth. Also days to 50% tasselling and days to 50% silking were counted. Also days were recorded for maturity and at that number of cobs per plant, length of tassel, cob length, cob diameter, cob weight, Grains per cob, 1000-seed weight, percent underdeveloped cobs, total dry matter, percent protein in grains and Grain yield (ton/ha). The protein was conducted by Micro Kjeldahl Method (AOAC, 1980). Means, analysis of variance and F-test and test of significant (Duncan's New Multiple range test) for mean values for each characters were done after Steel and Torrie (1960). Data on LAI, CGR and NAR were transformed by angular transformation during analysis of variance.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 117-124, 2017 ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Two treatments (sowing dates) had greater influence on grain ;field (ton/ha). Grain yield was decreased with T2 (4,02 ton/ha)whereas in T1 it was 4.86 ton/ha. V2 (4.57 ton/ha) recorded the highest grain yield followed by V3 (4.55 ton/ha) and V4 (4.41 ton/ha)and the lowest was in V1 (4.47 ton/ha). The mean values for the interactions V1T1, V2T1, V3T1 and V4T1 were 4.47, 5.08, 5.09 and 4.82 ton/ha respectively, while the interactions, V1T2, V2T2, V3T2 and V4T2 were 3.98, 4.06, 4.01 and 4.00 ton/ha, respectively. The earlier planting time 15 November (T1) showed the best performance compared to late planting time 15 December (T2). Line V2 and V3 showed the highest yield where there was no significantly different. But these Two lines are better compared to rest two lines. Earlier planting showed better performance with V2 and V3 regarding yield. Finally it can be concluded that line V3 can be followed with earlier planting. In the present study it was observed clearly that the morpho-physiological characters of maize (QPM) were influenced greatly by sowing dates. From this observation, it may be concluded that in maize, the early sowing (15 November) was the best time compared to sowing on 15 December.

Knowledge Management: Journal