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Chemical Properties of Buriganga and Turag River Water

N. Nawshin
Dept. of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

N. Sultana
Dept. of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M. A. H. Chowdhury
Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M. A. Baten*
Dept. of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the chemical properties of Buriganga and Turag river water, Bangladesh. Water samples were collected from 15 locations of each river from January to February, 2016 to analyze chemical properties, which includes: pH, EC, TDS, DO, cations ( Na+, K+, Ca₂+, Mg₂+), Anions (Cl-, HCO₃-, SO₄2-, CO_3-, PO₄3-) and heavy metal contents (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn, Cu). The average value of pH was 8.47 and 8.41 in Buriganga and Turag water indicating moderate alkalinity. The average values of EC content of Buriganga and Turag river water were 327 and 272 μS cm^-1 indicating low to moderate salinity. The mean values of TDS and DO content were 1468.4 and 2.93 mg L^-1 in Buriganga river water and 1202 and 3.91 mg L^-1 in Turag river water, respectively. Average concentration of Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn, and Cu found in Buriganga and Turag river water were 0.068, 0.016, 0.081, 0.237, 0.006, 0.473, 0.19 mg L^-1 and 0.012, 0.021, 0.015, 0.034, 0.002, 0.075, 0.014 mg L^-1, respectively. From the study it is found that the value of Pb, Cd and Cr content in Buriganga and Cr content in Turag river water exceeded the standard limits of DoE and WHO. Therefore, Government and local people should take some effective measures to control the pollution of Buriganga and Turag river.

Keywords: Buriganga river, Turag river, Water pollution, Heavy metal contents

Location: Buriganga and Turag river water, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

The study was conducted to assess the present status of heavy metal concentration of Buriganga and Turag river water which creating different types of problems (drinking, cooking, washing clothes, growing vegetables etc.) in the life of human beings.

Methodology:

Study areas Study areas were Kamranggir char is a bank of Buriganga river and Abdullahpur is a bank of Turag river. 15 points were selected from each area. The selected areas of Kamranggir char (BP-1 to BP-15) situated from 23^o43’41.03’’N to 23^o42’30.43’’N latitude and 90^o21’26.96’’E to 90^o23’31.11’’E longitude. The selected areas of Abdullahpur (TP-1 to TP-15) were latitude from 23^o52’55.60’’N to 23^o52’50.97’’ N and 90^o24’20.06’’E to 90^o23’46.09’’E longitude. Both of these areas were so much polluted by the industrial untreated effluents, municipal waste, market waste, spill oil from water vehicles and sewage drainage. Instruments pH meter, EC meter, TDS meter, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, DO meter, some 1 liter fresh water bottles, filter paper, conical flusk, burette, pipette, buffer solution, distilled water were used for the physico-chemical analysis. Water sample collection and preparation Water samples were collected from Kamranggir char and Abdullahpur under the district of Dhaka and Gazipur. For collecting water samples, at first water bottles were cleaned with Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (1:1) and washed with distill water then sealed tightly to avoid exposure to air. Out of 30 samples, 15 samples were collected from surface water of river Buriganga and other 15 samples were collected from surface water of Turag river with their replicants for finding better result. Water samples filtered with filter paper (Whatman No. 1) to remove undesirable solid and suspended materials. Few drops of Toluene added in the samples which created a chemical layer to prevent the growth of micro-organisms in the presence of sunlight. Samples were preserved in refrigerator at -18^o C for chemical analysis. Sample analysis pH, EC, TDS, DO contents, cations and anions in water samples were analyzed with different instruments in the Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, BAU and heavy metal contents were analyzed in the Soil Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh. For heavy metal analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Model no: SpectrAA-55B). Na+ and K+ anions were analyzed with flame emission spectrophotometer. Stannous Chloride method, Turbidimetric method, Azantometric methods were used for the analysis of PO₄3-, SO₄2-, Cl-, and Ca₂+. Mg₂+ was analyzed by the process of EDTA titrimetric method. Data analysis All the collected data were processed in the software MS word, MS Excel and using picasa 3. for editing the figures

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 9-14, 2016 ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present study, it has been found that the surface water of Buriganga and Turag river were highly polluted by the TDS contents which crossing the standard limits of WHO because of disposing huge amount of industrial effluents. The DO content of Buriganga river water was very lower than the standard limits of DoE which indicating threat to the aquatic life support system. Moreover in Buriganga river water, the concentrations of Pb, Cd and Cr were higher than the standard limits. On the other hand the concentration of As, Zn, Cu, Ni was lower than the irrigation standard limits of WHO and FAO. The amount of Cd (0.021 mg L^-1) in Turag river water was crossed the standard limits because of dumping high amount of industrial wastes. In this condition, it is strongly recommended that the water of Buriganga and Turag river is hazardous for drinking purposes and creating risk to the human health. Both public and Government participation need to reduce the pollution of these rivers water and create awareness among the people about the serious consequences of rivers water pollution.

Knowledge Management: Journal