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Assessment of the Quality of Industrial Wastewater in Three Metropolitan Cities in Bangladesh

N. Sultana
Dept. of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

H. Muktadir
Dept. of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M. A. H. Chowdhury
Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M. A. Baten*
Dept. of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to assess the quality of different industrial wastewater. Some physicochemical parameters viz., pH, EC, TDS, Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, CO₃²-, HCO₃-, Cl-, SO₄²-, PO₄³- including heavy metal contents like Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn and Cu concentration from collected wastewater samples were analyzed. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used for analyzing the heavy metals in the wastewater samples. The results revealed that, the values of pH, EC, TDS ranged between 6.44-9.0, 471-4307 µS cm^-1, 1952-5209 mg L^-1, respectively. The higher mean concentrations of Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, CO₃-, HCO₃-, Cl-, SO₄²-, PO₄³- were 1407.8, 27.9, 69.9, 76.6, 2.7, 11.7, 1688, 76.6, 6.1 mg L^-1, respectively. The mean concentration of Cd, Ni, Cr, Zn, and Cu was 0.17, 0.87, 85.73, 0.80, and 1.56 mg L^-1, respectively. Among trace elements Ni and Cd, Zn and Cd, Zn and Cr showed a positive relationship. To avoid the harmful effects of wastewater on environment it is imperative to treat industrial effluents before discharge into open environment.

Keywords: Correlation, Heavy metals, Industrial wastewater

Location: Gazipur district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

The main objectives of this paper were i). to examine the physico-chemical constituents (pH, EC, TDS, Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, Cl-, SO₄²-, PO₄³-) of different industrial wastewater, and (ii). to study the trace elements (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn, and Cu) of these samples.

Methodology:

Study area Gazipur district located in between 23°53´ and 24°21´ north latitudes and in between 90°09´ and 92°39´ east longitudes, Hazaribagh situated in 90°21´ east longitudes and 23°45´ north latitudes and location of Mymensingh district is in between the latitudes 24°15´ and 25°15´ North and 90°05´ and90°50´ East longitudes. Sample collection Wastewater samples were collected from the drainage system of five types of industries where industrial effluents were discharged. To conduct this research two dyeing, two pharmaceuticals, two leather, two foods, and two plastic industries were considered. Sample size was 30 with three replicates. Sample preparation After collection, all water samples were filtered through Whatman No.1 filter paper to remove unwanted solid and suspended material to avoid any undesirable situation during chemical analysis. Five to six drops of liquid toluene were added to control microbial growth. Then the samples were preserved in the laboratory at controlled temperature (-18^o C). Chemical analyses of wastewater Analyses of the physicochemical properties like pH, EC, TDS, Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, CO₃²-, HCO₃-, Cl-, SO₄²- and PO₄³- of wastewater samples were conducted in the laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry, BAU. The concentrations of trace elements (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Zn, and Cu) in wastewater samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Spectr AA-55B) at the Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydevpur.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 21-25, 2016 ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study concludes that wastewater of leather and dyeing industries contained excess EC, TDS, cations, anions, Ni, Cr, and Cu compared to other industrial wastewater. Higher concentration of trace elements in dyeing and leather industries, indicates that the wastewater of those industries could be more dangerous for the environment. Discharge of wastewater into environment without treatment should be strictly prohibited to avoid any unexpected hazards to protect the environment.

Knowledge Management: Journal