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Effect of Sodium Chloride on Growth and Development of Sodium Accumulating Halophytes in Saline Water

M. M. L. Hosen
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602

M. S. Islam*
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602

M. N. Uddin
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602

K. A. Haque
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602

M. S. Islam
Department of Post Harvest Technology and Marketing, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of NaCl on nutrient uptake was observed from a phytodesalination study by three abundantly grown sodium accumulating halophytes namely, Kalmilata (Ipomoea aquatica), Malancha (Alternanthera philoxeroides) and Kesordam (Ludwigia adscendens L.). A 45 days hydroponic experiment was conducted with these halophytes treated with 0, 3, 5 and 7 dS m^-1 salt added from the sodium chloride (NaCl). After analyzing water and plant parts, it was observed that potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) uptake were increased by plants and less effect on calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and chloride (Cl-) uptake due to added NaCl. Simultaneously the biomass content increased in Kalmilata rather than Malancha and Kesordam. So non-altered nutritional status makes these halophytes suitable for vegetable, fodder and forages use after phytodesalination of saline water.

Keywords: Accumulating, Halophytes, Saline, Sodium, Water

Location: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Plant(s)

Objectives:

In this phytodesalination experiment, the effect of NaCl on plant biomass content and the uptake of K, P, Ca, Mg and Cl- were studied.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was conducted in natural condition of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University. The total numbers of pots (30cm × 30cm × 21cm) were 36. Kalmilata (Ipomoea aquatica), Malancha (Alternanthera philoxeroides) and Kesordam (Ludwigia adscendens) were used in this experiment for the purpose of phytodesalination of saline water. The plant seedlings were collected from nonsaline areas of Dumki, Patuakhali district. Four salinity levels viz. 0, 3, 5 and 7 dS m-1 were artificially made from sodium chloride (NaCl) and added separately in different pots. Then each of three halophytes was cultured for 45 days in each pot. Hoagland nutrient solution was added as a nutrient source for hydroponic plant culture (Hoagland and Arnon, 1950). The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Water samples were collected from each pot at initial of experiment and after harvesting of plants. The plants were harvested carefully at 45 days of transplanting and separated into root, stem and leaf. After drying, the root, stem and leaf weights were recorded separately. 0.2 to 0.5 g plant sample was digested by wet oxidation method using di-acid mixture (HNO₃:HClO₄=2:1). The concentration of Ca and Mg were determined by complexometric method of titration using Na2-EDTA as a complexing agent (Page et al., 1982 and APHA, 2005). P was determined by ascorbic acid color development method with the help of spectrophotometer (T60UV) while Na and K in the samples were determined separately with the help of flame emission spectrophotometer (Jenway PEP-7) using appropriate filters as outlined by Page et al. (1982) and APHA (2005). Chloride was determined from water samples by argentometric method of titration (Skoog et al., 1996). Results were expressed as the means ± standard error of mean (SEM) of three replicates. Significance degree was calculated using a ttest.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 9-15, 2016 ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Halophytes are of significant interest since these plants are naturally present in environment and act as very good phytodesalinator which is environmentally safe, economically sound and very efficient. It is concluded that three Na hyperaccumulating halophytes exhibited positive relationship of added NaCl with K, P ion uptake. Added NaCl has less effect on Ca+, Mg+ and Cl- ion uptake by the halophytes. On the other hand, biomass content increased in Kalmilata than Malancha and Kesordam due to added NaCl. The non-altered nutritional status makes these halophytes suitable for using fodder, forage and fuel purposes which will save the environment from secondary contamination from these halophytes after harvesting.

Knowledge Management: Journal