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Response of Rice Grown in Saline Soil as Influenced by the Application of Agricultural Amendments and Moisture Regimes

S Akter
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

HR Khan
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

MS Hossain
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

MK Saha
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

F Farzana
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out with rice (BRRI dhan48) grown in saline soil at the premises of the Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka to evaluate the impacts of agricultural amendments, such as rice hull (RH), rice straw (RS) and sawdust (SD) each applied at the rates of 0, 4 and 8 t ha^-1 in moist (80% moisture) and saturated soil conditions. Most of the growth and yield components of rice were found to increase significantly (p ≤0.05) with the increased rates regardless of kinds of organic treatments under both the moisture levels. The tallest plant heights (99 cm in moist, 105 cm in saturated condition) were recorded at maturity stage of rice with the RH₈RS₈SD₈treatment, which received the highest rates of these three organic amendments. The shortest plant heights (79 cm in moist; 86 cm in saturated conditions) were recorded in control pot (RH₀RS₀SD₀), where no amendment was made. The maximum numbers of tillers were observed in RH₈RS₈SD₈followed by RH₈RS₈SD₄, RH₈RS₄SD₈, RH₄RS₈SD₈ and RH₄RS₄SD₈ treatments at saturated condition. The straw dry matter and grain yields of rice were also found to vary significantly (p ≤0.05) by the individual application of rice hull, rice straw, sawdust and moisture conditions, but their combined effects were found to be highly significant at their higher doses of combination. The highest grain yield (4.4 t ha^-1) was recorded in RH₈RS₈SD₈ treatment followed by RH₈RS₈SD₄ (4.2 t ha^-1) and RH₈RS₄SD₈ (4.1 t ha^-1) at saturated condition. Harvest index and 1000 grain weight of the rice were attained positive under both the moisture conditions, but at saturated condition of the soil, the amendments (RH, RS and SD) produced better response for these components compared to those of the moist soil condition.

Keywords: Yield components, Ricel, Rice straw, Sawdust, Saline soil, Harvest index

Location: Kalapara Upazila of Patuakhali district

Start Date: 00-05-2017

End Date: 00-08-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil salinity, Rice

Objectives:

To evaluate the potentials of rice hull, rice straw and sawdust application on the growth and yield components of rice grown in saline soil.

Methodology:

The pot experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, from May to August, 2017 to analyze the potentials of different agricultural amendments on the growth and yield components of rice plants grown in saline soil. The rice variety BRRI dhan 48 was used as the test crop. The soil used in the experiment was collected from Kalapara Upazila of Patuakhali district. Some selected properties of initial soil were determined following standard methods. Rice Hull (RH), Rice Straw (RS) and Sawdust (SD) were used as agricultural amendments for the soil studied. The experiment was conducted with Rice Hull × Rice Straw × Sawdust each at 3 rates having 3 replications under 2 moisture levels (moist: 80% moisture and saturated: >100% moisture). Total number of treatments was 27. Basal doses of N, P and K were applied at the rates of 120, 60 and 80 kg ha^-1 as Urea, TSP and MoP, respectively. The whole TSP, MoP and half of the urea were applied during soil preparation. The remaining urea was top dressed in two splits, at active tillering and panicle initiation stage. Seedlings were collected through the courtesy of BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute), Joydebpur, Gazipur. Twenty five days-old seedlings of BRRI dhan 48 were transplanted at the rate of 3 seedlings per hill and 3 hills in each pot by arranging in a triangular grid. In the case of moist condition, 80% water content seemed to be reasonable for the survival of rice plant and did not allow standing water. But in the case of saturated condition, more than 100% water was maintained during irrigation throughout the growing period. Intercultural operations were performed when required. Plant height, tiller, straw yields, grain yields, harvest index and 1000 grain weight were recorded after the harvest of crop at maturity. The significance of different treatments was analyzed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(2): 33-42

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v4i2.39845

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

These agricultural amendments might help in improving the physical, chemical and physico-chemical properties of the soils, specially the improvement of physical condition of saline soil is utmost need regarding reclamation and improvement of saline soils in relation to crop production. In this context, the applied agricultural amendments deserve attention to use under variable field and climatic conditions before final recommendation to farmers level. These practices will not only improve the saline soils but also will increase the rice production which ultimately could contribute to the national economy and food security.

Knowledge Management: Journal