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Determination of Trace Elements (as, Ca, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn) and Identification of Clostridium Perfringens in Honeys Originated from Different Region of Bangladesh

Mohammad Asaduzzaman
Department of Biochemistry, Primeasia University, Banani, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Delwar Hossen
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh

Sabir Hossain
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh

Farha Matin Juliana*
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Trace elements and heavy metal residues in honey samples originating from different regions of Bangladesh were determined. High mineral contents were observed with Ca, and Fe being the most abundant. The concentrations of the trace elements were within the recommended limits, indicating that the honeys were of good quality. Pb was present in trace amount which is not harmful for consumption where Arsenic was absent. Clostridium perfringens spores were not found in the analyzed honey samples.

Keywords: Trace elements, Heavy metals, Honey, Bangladesh.

Location: Department of Biochemistry, Primeasia University, Banani, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Micronutrient, Honey

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to determine the content of trace elements and heavy metals residues in honeys originating from different regions of Bangladesh. We primarily investigate six different trace elements (As, Ca, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn) and Clostridium perfringens presence in monofloral and different multifloral honey samples collected from different parts of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Monofloral and multifloral honey samples were collected from Dhaka, Chittagong, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Sylhet, Barisal and Khulna division. Six fresh honey samples are collected having the weights of 0.4335 gm (S1), 0.4394 gm(S2), 0.4393 gm(S3), 0.4234 gm(S4), 0.4643 gm(S5), and 0.4697 gm(S6) respectively into different specially designed tubes of Microwave digestor (Ethos one) using electronic balance. Honey contains mostly organic compounds with minute metallic constituents. In atomic absorption spectrophotometer analysis, the metals are needed to be liberated from the organic milieu followed by extracting the metals in mineral acids. Viewing that, all the samples are firstly digested using Microwave digestor (Ethos one) where HNO₃ and H₂O have been used in a ratio of 7:1. After digestion, the samples are transferred to six different 100 ml volumetric flasks and made up to the mark using de-ionized water followed by sonication and filtration. Samples are examined using AAS (Shimadzu AA7000) at furnace mode for specific metals. Standard curve is prepared with the strengths of standard stock solution of that specific metal of 5ppb, 10ppb, 15 ppb and 20ppb. The wavelength (nm) of the emission peak for Arsenic is 193.7. 10 gm of honey sample was passed through 0.22 µm pore-size Millipore membrane filter and then the filter paper was placed onto modified Clostridium perfringens medium (mCP). This mCP medium was then be incubated in an anaerobic jar at 44^oC for 24 hrs. The yellow colonies were counted as Clostridium perfringens. Then the colonies will be further tested by exposing to ammonium hydroxide. A highly specific reaction will occur due to phosphate producing Clostridium perfringens colonies to turn a distinctive dark pink color.

Source of Information: Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 5(2): 11-14, 2016 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Since honey is a nutritional resource that depends on biotic and abiotic factors around the beehives, the presence of heavy metals could be related to its geographical and botanical origin. Several authors have indicated that bees and their products may be used as biological indicators of the environmental pollution present in the area where they fly. Honey is a natural product that is widely used for both nutritional and medicinal purposes, like other foods is prone to various types of contamination and adulterations. Microbial and non microbial contaminants which include heavy metals, pesticides, herbicides, antibiotics have been reported in various honey samples all over the world. The present study was undertaken to determine the content of trace elements and heavy metals residues in honeys originating from different regions of Bangladesh. Calcium (Ca), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn) and Arsenic (As) were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. We find good amount of minerals (Fe, Cu, Ca, Zn ) in the samples and Heavy metals like Pb and As was not found as well as these samples had no Clostridium perfringen spores. Honey ingestion without knowing its source and safety might carry significant health hazards. Labeling of honey must be supported by analysis that confirms its provenance and safety. Further research projects should be launched to perform high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) etc. To detect the specific and particular identification of trace elements, more heavy metals and the factors by which some minerals and trace element contents are higher in some samples than others.

Knowledge Management: Journal