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Efficacy of Exogenous Phytase Supplementation on Production Performance of Commercial Broiler

E Parvin
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

MA Khatun
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

T Yeasmin
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

MM Sharmin
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementing of exogenous phytase enzyme on productivity of commercial broilers. Four strains of commercial broiler such as Fast feather, Arbor acres, Cobb-500 and Hubbard classic each having 78 numbers were reared for a period of 5 weeks. A total number of 312 day old broiler chicks were distributed into two dietary treatments i.e. basal diet (Control-T₀) and basal diet supplemented with phytase enzyme 1g/kg feed (supplemented-T₁). The results indicated that broilers fed on diets supplemented with phytase have gained more body weight when compared with control group (P<0.05). The first and second highest body weights were recorded for the strains Cobb-500 and First feather broilers, respectively, which feed on diet containing phytase. Feed consumption varied significantly between the broilers on different dietary regimes. Significant differences (P<0.01) were found in feed conversion ratios among the birds fed on diet with phytase enzyme. The lowest feed conversion ratio was in Cobb-500 fed on phytase diet where as the highest was in Fast Feather provided with only basal diet during the 5^th week of age. Average feed conversion ratios were 1.73 and 1.86 for the supplemented and control group respectively. Use of phytase as feed additive in the diet resulted in high profitability/ broiler. Net profit per live broiler was the also higher in treatment group compared with control groups of birds. The highest net profit per live broiler was observed in Arbor Across strains fed on phytase diet. The result of the present study suggests that the addition of dietary phytase enzyme in the diet of broiler may increase the production performance and reduce the cost of production.

Keywords: Phytase, Feed conversion ratio, Broiler, Ranikhet, Gumboro

Location: Dept. of Dairy and Poultry Science in Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Broiler

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of exogenous phytase enzyme on productivity of different strains of commercial broilers.
To evaluate the economic benefit of rearing broiler feed on diet containing phytase enzyme.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the open sided poultry shed located in the compound of the Dept. of Dairy and Poultry Science in Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur. There were four strains of commercial broiler such as Fast feather, Arbor acres, Cobb-500 and Hubbard classic each having 78 number used for the experiment for a period of 5 weeks. A total number of 312 day-old broiler chicks were used to find out the effect of exogenous phytase enzyme on the production performance of broiler. The chicks were randomly distributed to eight dietary treatment groups (T₀F, T₀A, T₀C, T₀H, T₁F, T₁A, T₁C, T₁H) having three replications in each treatment. The chicks were reared in separate pens according to treatments and replications, each dietary treatment group consisted of 39 chicks and numbers of chicks in each replication was 13. The experimental house was properly washed and cleaned using tap water. Ceiling, walls and floor were thoroughly cleaned and subsequently disinfected with Timsen (1gm/lit). After proper drying, the house was divided into 24 pens of equal size using wire net. Each of pens was 12 sq feet floor spaces for 13 chicks. Fresh dried rice husk was used as litter material on the floor at a depth of 4 inch. The phytase enzyme (SQZYME SSF) (manufactured by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Switzerland and supplied by Square limited, Bangladesh) was bought from the market for conducting the research work. Broiler starter and finisher diets were provided between 0 to 14 days and 15 to 35 days of age respectively. The diet was formulated using locally available feed ingredients such as Maize, Rice polish (Auto), Soybean meal (44), Protein Concentrate, Oyster shall, DCP, Soybean oil, Common salt, Vitamin-mineral premix (Rena premise). Coccidiostat (DOTT) added to the experimental diet as per recommendation of the manufacturer and mixed properly. Feed was prepared by mixing premix, enzyme and DOTT (Coccidiostat) firstly with a small quantity of mixed feed and then with gradually increased in quantity by adding remaining mixed feed. Finally, total amount of feed was mixed thoroughly. The whole procedure was followed for both starter and finisher diets. At the beginning of the experiment, chicks were individually weighted and recorded as initial body weight. The following management procedures were followed during the experimental period. The birds were reared on rice husk litter floor having a depth of 4 inch. At the end of each week, litter was stirred to break its compactness and maintain proper moisture. At the end of the 4 weeks of age, droppings were cleaned from the surface of the litter. Additional heat was provided for brooding the chicks when it was necessary up to the end of 1^st week. Brooding temperature was maintained as bird’s requirement from 33°C to normal environmental temperature of the house. Additional heat was managed by fitting 100 watt electric bulbs at the center of the pen, about 6 inches above of the floor. The heights of the bulbs were increased by raising the bulb gradually as per temperature requirement. The birds were exposed to a continuous lighting of 23 hours and 30 minutes and a dark period of 30 minutes in 24 hours. Supplementary light at night was provided using electric bulb by hanging at a height of 2.8 meters to provide necessary lighting. Each pen allotted for 13 birds, therefore floor space for each pen was 12 sq ft. One round feeder and one round waterer provided in each pen for 13 birds, additional feeder and waterer added according to size of the flock. The birds were reared in separate pens. Feed and water was given ad-libitum throughout the experimental period. The experimental birds were vaccinated against Baby chick Ranikhet Disease and Gumboro Disease. An antibiotic named Docolis (0.5g/liter of drinking water) used for first 3 days to prevent early chick mortality. Eskavit WS (0.2g/liter drinking water), Electrocare + (0.5g/liter of drinking water) were given to prevent strives. Weekly body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ration and cost benefit ration were recorded and statistically analyzed for a period of 5 weeks. All recorded and calculated data were statistically analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique by a computer using “MSTAT statistical software” in accordance with the principles of Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Duncan’s Multiple Range Test was done to know the differences among the treatment means at 5% and 1% level of significance (Duncan, 1955)

Source of Information: Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (3): 31-39

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v45i3.31037

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The current results indicate that addition of phytase enzyme @1g/kg feed of broilers of different strains improved body weight gain lowering the feed efficiency due to better nutrient availability in comparison to strains of control groups. The cost of production per kg broiler was lower in phytase supplemented stains, which ultimately made the higher net profit per broiler phytases from various microbial origins.

Knowledge Management: Journal