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Categorical Assessment and Characterization of Conventional and Unconventional Biomass Resources in Bangladesh

Md. Mosaddek Hossen
Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

A. H. M. Sazedur Rahman
Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Afsana Sara Kabir
Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

M. M. FaruqueHasan
Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

Shoeb Ahmed*
Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

With the rapid industrial growth, the need for renewable energy sources is rising fast. Being a developing country, Bangladesh aims towards industrial expansion, which is always followed by increased energy consumption. Considering the fact that fossil fuel is not sustainable and biomass sources are abundant and offer more versatility, the latter have become an attractive alternative to petroleum-based products. Moreover, utilization of biomass also seems promising because of biodegradability and lower greenhouse gas emissions, ensuring reduced environmental pollution, a grave concern with fossil-fuel technology. Biomass can range from agricultural byproducts to industrial and municipal wastes, however, very few biomass sources are currently being used in Bangladesh. Moreover, biomass can also be utilized to derive valuable chemicals, which are potential raw materials in several existing industries in Bangladesh. Despite having massive potential in Bangladesh, there haven't been organized studies on feedstock types, quantities, characterization and applications. Here we present an organized study to identify potential biomass sources and their available quantities. Considering specific waste fractions from varying sources, total amount of utilizable biomass resources have been calculated. A categorized proximate analysis data summary of varying biomass is also prepared that can be consulted in the future studies to calculate the theoretical possible production of energy as well as useful bio-chemicals based on efficient bio-processing techniques. This work is intended to benchmark the current efforts, and would add valuable information resources for the ongoing research towards achieving energy sustainability and energy-security in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Biomass; Renewable Energy; Proximate Analysis; Waste Residue

Location: Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Biomass

Objectives:

Here we present an organized study to summarize the availability of different biomass resources in Bangladesh including their gross available quantity, basic properties and proximate analysis data and total available quantity of waste resources to be utilized.

Methodology:

In brief, major sources of potential biomass have been identified from literatures. These were categorized in a systematic manner based on types and locations of sources. Gross quantity of production of those crops, fruits, vegetables, livestock, poultry, fisheries and municipal waste were estimated from recent reliable statistics and literature. Utilizing reasonable field and processing waste fractions from literature, total amount of possible waste were calculated. Some of the local and South Asian literature were consulted to calculate proximate analysis data of available biomass. For similar type of biowaste, a range of proximate analysis data is reported instead of a single value.

Source of Information: Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17 (2015) 1-10

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Despite having massive potential, biomass is not being utilized efficiently in Bangladesh. Though, a large faction of rural population are dependent on biomass, this mostly includes wood and other forest residue. A large portion of biomass resources remained unutilized due to lack of proper awareness and initiatives. Apart from energy generation, these biomass resources in turn might be used as raw materials for the production of diverse chemicals such as different alcohols, organic acids and esters, which have a huge market demand. Therefore, production of biomass-derived chemicals is also a very promising avenue on which Bangladesh can focus as well. To facilitate future research regarding biomass for different applications, a systematic and categorized assessment of major conventional and unconventional biomass resources are performed in this study. This assessment and proximate analysis data will be useful to predict ultimate analysis of biomass using well-established correlations. Therefore, theoretical potential in terms of energy and useful bio-chemicals can also be estimated more accurately. This study offers valuable information resources for the ongoing research towards achieving energy sustainability and industrial growth in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal