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Colistin Residue in Broiler: Detection in Different Growth Stages

Naima Islam Bristy
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Sajal Das
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Zakaria al Noman
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Jannatul Ferdous
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Sabbya sachi
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

S. M. Lutful Kabir
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Mahmudul Hasan Sikder
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Indiscriminate use of antibiotics in broiler could lead to residue accumulation in food chain. We conducted a study to detect colistin residues in broiler meat in different growth stages, collected from different upazilas of Mymensingh division. A total of 108 samples, were collected from Fulbaria, Mymensingh Sadar, and Trishal Upazila of Mymensingh district and Nakla Upazila of Sherpur district. From each farm, nine samples were collected at the three different growth stages: 14-20 days (Early:E), 21-27 (Middle:M) days and 28-35 (Late:L) days, respectively. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used for the qualitative detection colistin residues in broiler meat. A questionnaire survey was carried out with the farmers from whom the samples were collected. Most of the farmers’ had varying degree of knowledge about biosecurity, withdrawal period and residue of antibiotic, and academic qualification varies from primary to graduate level. Out of 108 samples, 50% (18 out of 36) samples were positive for TLC in early samples, whereas 66.67% (24 out of 36) samples for middle and 50% (18 out of 36) for late collected samples. Upazila-wise, the highest concentration was detected in Mymensingh sadar and Nakla (66.67%) and lowest in Fulbaria (33.33%). These result indicates that colistin are being misused in poultry industry especially in middle days of broiler life and withdrawal periods are not maintained when broiler are marketed. Being a Reserve group antibiotics, measures are needed to ensure human safety regarding colistin residue in poultry industry.

Keywords: Antibiotics residues; Broiler; Colistin; Growing stage;

Location: Fulbaria, Mymensingh Sadar, and Trishal Upazila of Mymensingh district and Nakla Upazila of Sherpur district

Start Date: 00-08-2017

End Date: 00-09-2017

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Broiler, Quality

Objectives:

To determine the presence of colistin residue in raw broiler meat at different growth stages at Mymensingh division.

Methodology:

We conducted the experiment Firstly to assess farmers using questionnaire survey and secondly, screening of colistin residue in poultry meat by TLC. The survey was conducted by a semi-structured questionnaire for assessing (i) the farmers’ educational level, (ii) Knowledge of residue, (iii) Storage of drugs and (iv) the purpose of antibiotic usage. Samples were collected from Fulbaria, Mymensingh Sadar, and Trishal Upazila of Mymensingh district and Nakla Upazila of Sherpur district during the period of August - September, 2017. The pre-prepared questionnaire was filled up properly before sample collection. The questionnaire was designed to assess farmers’ perspective regarding awareness and biosecurity program as well as educational status. A total of 108 broilers were collected from four farms. From every farm 27 broilers were collected: at the age of 14-20 days, 21-27 days and 28-35 days. Each sample was dressed and placed into a plastic zipper bag transferred to laboratory by ice bag plastic container and stored at −18 °C until extraction. For extraction, HPLC grade methanol (Merck-Germany), trichloracetic acid (TCA), diethyl ether and acetone (RCI Labscan-Thailand) was used. Colistin was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich via Renata Limited, Bangladesh. The standard for colistin were prepared by dissolving 0.1 gm of powder in 4 mL solution of methanol as cited by (Hussain et al., 2005). Standard solution was stored in -4°C and fresh solution was prepared for every month. For performing TLC, TLC plate (MN-Germany), TLC tank and UV detection box (UV light: F18W-Germany) were used. We have performed TLC according to Tajick and Shohrel, (2006) with few modifications. Firstly, TLC plate was cut into a size of 4 x 5 cm from 20 x 20 cm. A straight line was put across the plate approximately 2 cm from the bottom by a pencil. We have also drawn similar line across the plate below 1 cm from the upper edge of the plate. A spot were marked on the bottom line to drop the analytes. 50 μl drops were put on the spot of the plate using thin capillary glass pipettes. Then we placed Plate in TLC tank (contained mobile phase; Acetone and Methanol: 1:1) and covered by lid and it was left until the mobile phase reached the upper line. UV detection box at 256 nm was used to visualize the spots. Spots marking were done by pencil for calculation of retention factor (Rf). The Rf values are calculated with the distance travelled by the solvent, and the distance travelled by individual sample spots. Same Rf value of standard and sample considered similar compound. (Sarker et al., 2018). We have used Microsoft Excel-2010 to store data. Results were analyzed statistically using SPSS IMB 20 for descriptive statistics (IBM Corp. Released 2011, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20, Armonk, New York USA: IBM Corp) and graphs were prepared by Graph Pad Prism 6.

Source of Information: Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2019, 3 (1), 43-47

Article Link (Online Journal): www.ebupress.com/journal/aajfss

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Antimicrobial agents are used for the prevention or treatment of animal diseases. In Bangladesh significant amount of antibiotics used in poultry farming but concerns have been raised that tissues of food animals contaminated with antimicrobial residues may cause adverse side effects in consumers. Evidence suggests that more judicious use of antibiotics in broiler production will reduce the residue level in the edible tissue and offal. Our study confirmed the presence of colistin residues in poultry meat samples collected from different Upazila of Mymensingh division. This may pose potential hazard to public health. Thus, it is recommended that measures should be taken to ensure observing proper withdrawal periods before marketing and drug control in veterinary use.

Knowledge Management: Journal