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Effect of Soil and Seed Treatments on Seedling Diseases of Wheat

M. M. Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

A. S. M. Golam Hafeez
Professor
Department of Agricultural Finance, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

K. M. Khalequzzaman
Principal Scientific Officer (Plant Pathology)
Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

M. M. Hossain
Scientific Officer
Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

M. H. Reza
Chief Scientific Officer
Mango Research Station, Chapai Nawabgonj, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at Plant Pathology Field, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701 during the cropping season 2014-17. The effectiveness of different methods of seed and soil treatments were evaluated against seedling diseases of wheat under inoculated condition in the field. The lowest percentage of diseased seedlings, highest number of grain/head as well as the highest yield 4.0, 4.5 and 5.0%; 42, 40 and 39, and 3767, 3765 and 3764 kg/ha, respectively were obtained with seed treatment + soil drenching with Vitavax-200 followed by seed treatment + soil drenching with Bavistin in three consecutive years. The highest percentage of diseased seedlings, lowest number of grain/head as well as the lowest yield 12.2, 12.7 and 13.2%; 31, 29 and 28; and 2754, 2752 and 2751 kg/ha, respectively were obtained from the same treatment. The lowest number of grain/head, lowest yield with the highest percentage of diseased seedlings was recorded from the control treatment in all three cropping seasons.

Keywords: Soil treatment, Seed treatment, Seedling disease, Wheat

Location: Plant Pathology Field, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Wheat, Land management

Objectives:

To find out an effective method for seedling disease management of wheat.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Plant Pathology Field, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh during the cropping season 2014-17 with one wheat variety Kanchan. The soil of the experiment plot was well prepared with a tractor disc plough, rotavator and harrow. The land was leveled properly after final harrowing. The soil was mixed with well decomposed cowdung (10 t/ha) before 20 days of sowing. Urea, TSP, MP and gypsum were applied at the rate of 220-132-68-125 kg/ha (Ahmed and Meisner, 1996). Two third of urea and full doses of TSP, MP and gypsum were applied during final land preparation. The rest one-third of urea was top dressed at crown root initiation (CRI) stage. Seven days before sowing the soil was artificially inoculated with the mixed inocula of S. Rolfsii, Bipolaris sorokiniana and F. oxysporum. Inocula of S. Rolfsii, Bipolaris sorokiniana and F. oxysporum were prepared on barley grains. The barley grains were soaked in water for 24 hours, excess water was decanted from the grains and poured into 500 ml conical flasks (about half of the flask). The mouth of conical flask was wrapped with aluminum foil and autoclaved for sterilization at 121⁰C for 15 minutes under 0.7 kg/cm² pressure. After proper cooling the sterilized barley grains were inoculated with 10 mycelial blocks (5 mm diameter) cut from 5 days old PDA culture in petridishes. The inoculated flasks were incubated at 28 plus minus 2⁰ C for 3 weeks for growth of the fungus. For uniform colonization, the flasks were shaken with and every alternate day. The colonized barley grains were air dried on paper trays at room temperature (28 plus minus 2⁰ C) and stored at 4⁰C in a refrigerator. The experiment was laid out with RCB design wit 4 replications. Nine different treatments were used in the trial which were T₁= Seed treatment with Vitavax-200, T₂= Seed treatment with Bavistin. T₃= Soil drenching with Vitavax, T₄= Soil drenching with Bavistin, T₅= Seed solarization, T₆= Hot water seed treatment, T₇= Seed treatment + soil drenching with Vitavax, T₈= Seed treatment + soil drenching with Bavistin and T₉ = Control (Untreated). Seeds were sown in the unit plot maintaining line to line spacing of 20 cm. Intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Untreated and fungicidal treated (Vitavax-200, 3g /kg) seeds of one wheat variety namely Kanchan was used in the experiment. After emergence, the number of healthy and diseased seedlings/m² were recorded from each plot at an interval of 3 days and continued for 30 days. The severity of diseased was expressed in percentage based on total number of seedlings. The length of shoot and root of seedlings were recorded at 3 leaf stage. The plant population/m² were also recorded. Yield (kg/ha) and 1000-grain weight were recorded after harvest. The recorded data were analyzed statistically to find out the level of significance and the variance was analyzed following Duncans New Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Journal of Scientific Achievements, Volume 2, Issue 12, Page: 13-17, December 2017

Article Link (Online Journal): http://jsciachv.sinaweb.net/article_80699.html

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The lowest percentage of diseased seedlings, highest number of grain/head as well as the highest yield 4.0, 4.5 and 5.0%; 42, 40 and 39, and 3767, 3765 and 3764 kg/ha, respectively were obtained with seed treatment + soil drenching with Vitavax-200 followed by seed treatment + soil drenching with Bavistin in three consecutive years.

Knowledge Management: Journal