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Effect of Biopesticids in Controlling Leaf Curl Virus of Chilli

K. M. Khalequzzaman
Principal Scientific Officer (Plant Pathology)
Spices Research Centre (SRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

Samima Naznin
M. Phil. Student
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abul Khair
Professor
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted in the field laboratory of Spices Research Center, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh during Rabi season of 2014-15 to find out the effect of biopesticides in controlling vector as well as leaf curl virus of chilli. The maximum infected plants (26.85%) were recorded in untreated control and the minimum infected plants (14.75%) were in Malathion (0.2%) which was statistically identical to all other biopesticides except cow urine (1:2). The highest disease reduction (45.13%) over untreated control was obtained from Malathion (0.2%) followed by cow urine (1:1) and neem leaf extract (1:2), and the lowest (26.37%) was obtained from cow milk (1:2). The highest yield (18.33 t/ha) was recorded in Malathion (0.2%) and the lowest (11.28 t/ha) was recorded in untreated control. All the biopesticides resulted least disease incidence and more yield compared to control. Among the biopesticides, cow urine (1:1), cow milk (1:1) and neem extract (1:2) showed comparatively better results against control. So, Melathion or biopesticides, cow urine (1:1), cow milk (1:1) and neem leaf extract (1:2) may be sprayed for controlling vector as well as leaf curl virus and increasing yield of chilli.

Keywords: Malathion, Milk, Cow urine, Neem leaf extract, Leaf curl, Chilli, Garlic extract

Location: Spices Research Center, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Virus, Chilli, Extract (plant, seed)

Objectives:

To find out the effective of biopesticides, natural products in controlling vector as well as leaf curl virus and increasing yield of chilli.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the field laboratory of at Spices Research Center, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh during Rabi season of 2014-15. The experimental plot was prepared with five ploughings and cross ploughings with a power tiller followed by laddering to break the clods as well as level the soil. The weeds and stubbles of previous crops were collected and removed from the soil. Cowdung 5 t/ha, Urea @ 210, TPS @ 300, MOP @ 200 and Gypsum @ 110 kg/ha were applied (Anonymous, 2011). The entire quantity of cowdung, TSP, half of MOP, Gypsum was applied during final land preparation. Urea and remaining half MOP were applied in three installments as top dress. The experiment was carried out following Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Size of the plots was 3.0 m × 2.0 m and plant spacing was 50 cm × 40 cm. BARI Chilli 1 was used in the experiment. The plants were transplanted on November 16, 2014. Watering was done after planting the seedlings to keep the soil humidity in suitable condition. Gap filling was done when any seedling failed to establish and died in the field. One insecticide, seven biopesticides and one control were used as treatment. The treatments were T₁= cow urine (1:1), T₂= cow urine (1:2), T₃= cow milk (1:1), T₄= cow milk (1:2), T₅= chilli dust (100 g/L water ), T₆= neem leaf extract (1:2), T₇= garlic extract (1:2), T₈= Malathion (0.2%) and T₉= control (untreated). The treatments were sprayed four times at an interval of 10 days from just disease initiation. Weeding was done just before fertilizer application. At the time of weeding proper care was taken so that root did not get injury. Other intercultural operations were done as per needed and to maintain the normal hygienic condition of crop in the field. The plots were inspected regularly to take observations on chilli leaf curl virus disease from seedling to maturity stage of the crop. The last harvest of fresh chilli was performed on May 18, 2015. Data were recorded on leaf curl infected plants (%), diseases reduction over control (%), plant height at harvest (cm), number of fruits/plant, weight of fruits/plant (g), yield (t/ha) and yield increased over control. Percent data were transformed as square root. The recorded data were analyzed. The means for all the treatments were calculated and the analysis of variance was studied by F-test for the treatment means and replication means. The mean differences were evaluated for their significant level by Duncan?s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) as narrated by Gomez and Gomez (1984).

Source of Information: Asia Pacific Journal of Energy and Environment, Volume 3, Number 1, Pagarlic extracte: 29-34, 2016; ISSN 2313-0008 (Print)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The biopesticides and Melathion (0.2%) resulted least disease incidence and more yield compared to control. Among the biopesticides, cow urine (1:1), cow milk (1:1) and neem leaf extract (1:2) showed comparatively better results. So, Melathion or biopesticides, cow urine (1:1), cow milk (1:1) and neem leaf extract (1:2) may be sprayed in controlling vector as well as leaf curl virus and increasing fresh yield of chilli.

Knowledge Management: Journal