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Effect of Seed Treatment with Biological Control Agent Against Bipolaris Leaf Blight of Wheat

Md. Mosharraf Hossain
Senior Scientific Officer,
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jamalpur, Bangladesh

Ismail Hossain
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

K. M. Khalequzzaman
Principal Scientific Officer (Plant Pathology)
Spices Research Centre (SRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In-vitro and in-vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of seed treatment with thirteen different plant extracts and BAU-Biofungicide (a Trichoderma based preparation) on fungal growth, disease severity, yield and yield contributing characters of wheat during the Rabi season of 2010-11 and 2011-12. All the plant extracts and BAU-Biofungicide significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the pathogen where maximum reduction of mycelial growth over untreated control was found by BAU-Biofungicide (67.36%) followed by Bavistin (58.42%). BAU-Biofungicide also resulted 28% and 13%, respectively higher Vigour index and normal seedlings over untreated control. Five botanicals (garlic, ginger, kaligera, neem, mehedi) and BAU- Biofungicide showed better results under laboratory condition. In pot and field experiments, selected treatments were showed better results in respect of yield and other traits. BAU- Biofungicide treated seeds showed statistically similar effect to Bavistin on AUDPC and grain yield under field condition which resulted 20.51% higher grain yield over control.

Keywords: Botanicals, BAU-Biofungicide, Wheat, Bipolaris Leaf Blight

Location: Disease Resistant Laboratory and Field Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Wheat

Objectives:

To evaluate the performance of seed treatment with different plant extracts and BAU-Biofungicide on growth of Bipolaris sorokiniana and in controlling the leaf blight of wheat.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted during the Rabi season of 2010-11 and 2011-12 in the Disease Resistant Laboratory and Field Laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The seeds of variety Kanchan, whicwere collected from BARI, Gazipur and plant materials were collected from Botanical garden of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) and local market of Mymensingh. Thirteen plant extracts viz. extracts of leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica), datura (Datura metel), allamanda (Allamanda cathertica), nayantara (Vinca rosea), mehedi (Lawsonia alba), tulshi (Ocimum basilicum), basok (Adhatoda vesica), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citrates) and stem of dodder (Cuscuta reflexa), garlic clove (Allium sativum), onion bulb (Allium cepa), rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinales), seeds of black cumin (Nigella sativa) and BAU-Biofungicide (a Trichoderma based preparation and which obtained from the Disease Resistance Laboratory) were used. Bavistin was used as check. Required amount of seeds were treated with each plant extracts (@1% suspension), BAU-Biofungicide (@ 2.5% seed weight) and Bavistin (@ 0.1%), separately over night by dipping method. Plant extracts and BAU-Biofungicide were prepared according to Hossain and Azad (1994) and Hossain (2011). PDA medium was prepared and poured into 9 cm Petri plates @ 20ml/plate. After solidification, three 5 mm discs of the medium were scooped from three places maintaining equal distance of 4 cm from the centre using a sterilized disc cutter. One milliliter of each of plant extracts, suspension of BAU-Biofungicide and Bavistin was put into each hole and the plates were stored over night in refrigerator for diffusion of the test materials into the medium surrounding the hole. Next day, the plates were inoculated at the center with 6 mm blocks of 15 days old culture of Bipolaris sorokiniana and incubated at 24±1⁰C. The method was done according to Hossain and Schlosser (1993). Radial mycelial growth of fungus was recorded at 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 DAI according to Nene and Thaplial (1993). Percent inhibition of growth was calculated using the following formula as suggested by Sundar et al. (1995).

Two hundred treated seeds were sown in plastic trays (50 seeds/tray) maintaining equal distances among the seeds. Then the trays were kept in Net house. The tray preparation was done according to Dashgupta (1988). Plants were watered as and when necessary for maintaining proper moisture. After 10 days of sowing data on % germination, % normal and abnormal seedlings, shoot and root length data were taken. Vigour Index (VI) was computed using the formula of Baki and Anderson (1973). The experimental design was CRD with four replications in cup method and pot experiment. In field experiment, five selected plant extracts, BAU -Biofungicide and Bavistin (as chemical check) were used. Seeds were sown on 05 December maintaining RCB design with three replications. Fertilizers were used as per recommendation of WRC, 2010 and intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Leaf blight severity was scored three times on double digit scale (00-99) of Saari and Prescott (1975) commencing from the water ripe to early dough stage (Zadoks et al., 1974).

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.12983/ijsras-2015-p0151-0158

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All the plant extracts and BAU-Biofungicide significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the pathogen. BAU-Biofungicide showed maximum (67.36%) reduction of mycelial growth and also resulted 28% and 13%, respectively higher vigour index and normal seedlings over untreated control. In pot and field experiments, selected five botanicals (garlic, ginger, kaligera, neem and mehedi) were showed better results in respect of yield and other traits. BAU-Biofungicide treated seeds showed statistically similar effect to Bavistin on AUDPC and grain yield under field condition which resulted 20.51% higher grain yield over control.

Knowledge Management: Journal