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Research Detail

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Md. Ashik Mia
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Most. Morsada Khatun
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

A.K.M. Golam Sarwar
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

The cosmopolitan family Asteraceae is the largest family of flowering plants. As a part of taxonomic investigation on the “Weed flora of Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus”, the Asteraceae weed diversity was studied and their ethno-botanical, ethno-medicinal and other uses, and importance were reviewed from published literature. A total of 26 species belongs to 21 genera of this family was collected and identified. In context to the number of species, Blumea was the most dominant genus (with 4 species) followed by Gnaphalium (with 3 species); while 19 genera were represented by single species each at this campus. Among the species, Ageratum conyzoides, Blumea lacera, Mikania cordata, Spilanthes calva, Vernonia cinerea, Xanthium indicum and Youngia japonica were the most population rich and found mostly in the fallow lands, roadsides and levees of crop field. The knowledge of flowering time/period could be helpful for the effective management of the particular weed species. Some of these weed species have ethno-botanical uses e.g., high medicinal value, consumed as vegetable and salad, feed, fodder, etc. The rigorous taxonomic studies would be helpful for the sustainable management of Asteraceae weed species at this campus as well as the country as a whole, which will ensure higher economic returns without disturbing the agro-ecosystems.

  Ethno-medicine, Phenology, Management, Asteraceae weeds
  BAU campus, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  00-08-2018
  00-07-2019
  Risk Management in Agriculture
  Weed management

 To know the diversity of Asteraceae weed species and their flowering time/period by an intensive field survey and to understand their alternate uses through ethno-botanical literature review.

A field survey for taxonomic investigation on the weed species of the family Asteraceae growing throughout BAU campus was carried out during the period from August 2018 to July 2019. The campus was divided into five subunits viz. research fields, farm areas, office area/premises, roadsides & fallow lands, and residential areas, on the basis of area coverage to make a complete survey of the whole campus and was visited frequently (once a week) to study the phenology of the Asteraceae weed species. During the survey, fresh flowering samples were collected when available. Relevant information e.g., collection location & date, habitat, crop/plant association, etc., were recorded during field collection. Field photographs of live specimens were also taken during collection. Herbarium specimens were prepared as vouchers by drying the fresh samples properly. The dried specimens were mounted on the herbarium sheet and preserved in Prof. Dr. Arshad Ali Herbarium at the Botanical Garden, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University. The collected fresh (or dried) specimens were identified in the field or by comparing with herbarium specimens or published literature or consulting with experienced taxonomist at the Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka. The ethnobotanical, viz. ethno-medicinal and other uses, importance of the identified species were included after thorough review of published literature. The major literature consulted was “Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh” (Ahmed et al., 2008) and other taxonomy related books (BrindhaDevi and Amutha, 2011; GuhaBakshi et al., 1999; Sarwar and Prodhan, 2011 for detail).

  J Bangladesh Agril Univ 18(1): 17–24, 2020
  https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.94728
Funding Source:
1.   Budget:  
  

A total 26 Asteraceae weed species under 21 genera and were found in BAU campus. The number of Asteraceae weed taxa reported in recent studies (this article; Rahman, 2013) is larger compared to Karim and Kabir (1995); it might due to introduction or invasion of new taxon as a weed. Anthropogenic activities may act as a vector to introduce new weeds from other location (country) with various crop seeds. For example, the Parthenium (P. hysterophorus L.) weed was introduced from the USA via India or Australia through wheat import (https://www.apwss.org/documents/ newsletters/parthenium/Parthenium_News_Jan_2010.pd f). The misidentification of taxon (pl. taxa) might be another possibility of lower weed number reported in the previous study (Karim and Kabir, 1995). Among these 21 genera, the most dominant genera were Blumea with 4 species followed by Gnaphalium having 3 species; and these two genera together account for 26.9% of total weed species of this family in the BAU campus. Nineteen genera were represented by single species each at BAU campus, of which 14 genera viz. Ageratum, Chromolaena, Cotula, Crassocephalum,Eclipta, Enhydra, Grangea, Hemistepta, Ixeris, Mikania, Syndrella, Tridax, Xanthium and Youngia, were represented by single species only in Bangladesh as well (Ahmed et al., 2008). Among the reported weed species, population density of Ageratum conyzoides, Blumea lacera, Mikania cordata, Spilanthes calva, Vernonia cinerea, Xanthium indicum and Youngia japonica was higher at BAU campus. Some of these weed species are common and major weeds in the wheat, boro rice and other crop fields (Huda et al., 2017; Salam and Begum, 2017). Weed species found in the study area occupy diverse habitat including roadsides, fallow lands, various crop fields, open fields, levees of crop field, nursery beds, bushy areas, dry lands, shallow water bodies, etc. Most of the weeds are very common in roadsides, crop fields, levees of the crop field, fallow lands especially the species of the genus Ageratum, Vernonia, Blumea, Gnaphalium, Eclipta, Mikania, Youngia, Xanthium, etc. Only three aquatic species viz. Enhydra fluctuans, Eclipta alba and Spilanthes calva, were found in this habitat, drying-up of the area could be used as a means of physical control of these weeds. Rest of the twenty three species were reported to occur in more or less dry habitat that can be submerged by irrigation as a method of physical control.

  Journal
  


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