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Therapeutic Potentialities of Green Tea (camellia Sinensis) and Aloe Vera (aloe Barbadensis) on Staphylococcus Aureus Induced Septic Wound in Goats

Sumaia Jahan Tamanna
Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea

Moktadin Md. Shihab
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The research has been conducted in Black Bengal goats to determine the therapeutic efficacy of aloe vera and green tea extract on the healing of Staphylococcus aureus induced septic wound. A total 18 surgical wounds were made in goats under three groups; aqueous paste of aloe vera (Group-A), alcoholic extract of green tea (Group-B) and normal saline (as control, Group-C). Each wound was 20 mm length and 5 mm depth. The wound was remained open and 0.5 ml medium (107 /ml) containing Staphylococcus aureus was inoculated in each wound. After 72 hours of bacterial inoculation treatment was started. Freshly prepared aloe vera paste and alcoholic extract of green tea was applied once daily onto the wound in group A and B respectively. Similar action was taken in Group-C with normal saline only. Follow-up information was recorded from day 0 to day 21 postoperatively. Some morphological characters such as swelling wound gap and length of wound were observed. Highest wound gap (5.18 ± 0.32 mm) was observed in wounds of control animals where it was lowest (4.63 ± 0.14 mm) in those treated with extract of green tea. Length of wound was also highest (13.74 ± 0.38 mm) in the control group and lowest (12.62 ± 0.17 mm) in green tea-treated group. All wounds were regularly monitored to observe the complications like swelling, edema, wound dehiscence, wound abscess, local infection and exudation surrounding the wounds. Mean days to heal completely were 15 days for aloe vera, 13 days for green tea and in the control group it took 20 days to achieve similar results. Bacteriological studies revealed presence of higher bacterial load in the control group than the other two groups which is responsible for delayed healing. Our results showed that Staphylococcus aureus induced wound healing was quicked by the topical use of both green tea and aloe vera but green tea extract was more effective than aloe vera. Therefore, it can be suggested that alcoholic extract of green tea and aqueous extract of aloe vera could be good alternatives to antibiotics for the treatment of Staphylococcal wound in goat.

Keywords: Green tea, Aloe vera, Staphylococcus aureus, Wound

Location: Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Goat, Tea, Aloe Vera, Diseases

Objectives:

To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of green tea and aloe vera on Staphylococcus aureus induced septic wounds in goats and to study the morphological and bacteriological changes of wound during healing process after topical application of green tea and aloe vera.

Methodology:

Animals: The animal experimentation has been performed with the approval and following the guidelines and recommendations of Animal Experimental Ethics Committee (AEEC), Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Six apparently healthy goats having bodyweight of 8 to 10 kg were used for this experiment. The experimental animals were purchased from the local market. The animals were kept under standard conditions and veterinary supervision at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) with no restrictions on water and food. Before the study the goats were kept in quarantine for two weeks. The animals were vaccinated with PPR (P.P.R vaccine@ LRI, Bangladesh) and dewormed with anthelmintics (Endex®, Novartis pharmaceuticals, Bangladesh, Ltd). Preparation of extract: Aloe vera leaves were collected from Ganginar Par market, Mymensingh town and the rinds were removed. To make the gel thicker, the plant’s leaves were allowed to dry up in room temperature without exposure to direct sunlight. The leaves were then grinded in a blender and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm to remove the fibers and filtered through filter papers. The filtered extract was stored at +4°C. The paste was allowed to warm up to room temperature before applying to the wounds. Green Tea was collected from Kamal-Ronjit (KR) market, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Twenty gram Green Tea was measured with precise electric balance and it was taken in a thimble of soxhlet apparatus. Then 200 ml absolute ethanol was poured in a boiling flask of soxhlet apparatus. Within 30 minutes the green tea extract was prepared and collected into Petri dishes and kept overnight for evaporation of remaining alcohol. The next day green Tea extract was found in paste form. Green tea extract was always used as a freshly prepared paste. Experimental design: A total of 18 full-thickness (FT) open surgical wounds were made on either side of the vertebral column of goats. Goats were divided into three groups. Group-A: Fresh Aloe vera extract was applied locally once daily to six surgical wounds made in two animals. The animals were maintained carefully so as to avoid contamination and interference with healing. Group-B: Fresh Green Tea extract was applied locally once daily to six surgical wounds made in two animals. The treatment schedule was same as in Group-A. Group-C: This group was kept as control. In this group normal saline was applied in six surgical wounds in two animals. Wound creation: Clinical examination was performed to ensure that the animal was good enough physically and apparently free from infections or infestation. The operation sites (either side of the vertebral column) were clipped, shaved and painted with Povidone Iodine (Povisep®, Beximco Pharmaceuticals, Bangladesh). The goats were positioned on lateral recumbency. Infiltration of anesthesia was performed at the site of incision using 2% Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Jasocaine®, Jayson Pharmaceuticals, Bangladesh). Bacterial load count: A preliminary count of each dish was performed once the bacteria incubates. Only individual colonies were counted, which were distinct, isolated dots, not a whole blob of different colonies grown together. The plate which has more than 30 of these colonies but less than 300 was chosen. The number of individual colonies was counted. This was the CFU number of dilution, then a simple calculation was performed to determine the CFU of the original sample. Statistical analysis: All the data were expressed as Mean ± SEM (Standard Error of Mean). To compare data among groups one way ANOVA (Analysis of variance) factor analysis was performed and subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Probability P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 18(1): 105–110, 2020; ISSN 1810-3030 (Print) 2408-8684 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.94746

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on morphological and bacteriological evaluation it can be concluded that herbal extract like green tea and aloe vera is highly effective against Staphylococcus aureus induced septic wound. Among these two herbs green tea proved better in healing and reducing the bacterial load from an infected wound. Therapeutic application of green tea and aloe vera may be good alternatives to systemic antibiotics for the treatment of infected wound.

Knowledge Management: Journal