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Effects of Probiotic and Vitamin C on Domestication and Breeding Performance of Indigenous Koi, Anabas Testudineus Under Cage System

Md. Kamal Hossain
Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

A.K. Shakur Ahammad
Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Borhan Uddin Ahmed
Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Fazla Rabbi
Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Ashraful Haque
Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Biraj Kumar Datta
Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was accomplished on domestication and induced breeding of indigenous climbing perch, Anabas testudineus. For domestication, fish were stocked and reared for six months in nine cages (each having 1.0 m3 in size) set in three ponds (Pond 1, 2 and 3) so that three cages were set up in each pond. Three supplementary feeds such as feed mixed with vitamin C, only supplementary feed and supplementary feed with probiotic (Bacilus subtilis and Aerobacter sp.) considered as treatment T₁, T₂ and T₃, respectively were provided to triplicate cages in each pond and the cages were considered as replications R₁, R₂, R₃. Highest growth in terms of net length and weight gain was found in T₃ (9.35±2.65 cm and 44.58±4.68 g) followed by T₁ (9.00±2.03 cm and 37.62±3.45 g), and T₂ (6.18±1.57 cm and 34.24±3.08 g), respectively. Likewise, the highest average value of GSI was found in T₃ (7.26±2.12) in the month of April while lowest average value of GSI (0.64±0.21) was found in T₂ in the month of July. Three induced breeding trials were conducted using carp pituitary gland extract (PG) where female broods received 6-8 mgkg^-1 body weight and males received 2-4 mg kg^-1 body weight. Fish in T₃ injected with PG 4 mgkg^-1 for male and 8 mgkg^-1 for female showed highest result in case of ovulation rate (96.67±5.77), fertilization rate (75.75±2.00%) and hatching rate (90.25±2.18%) followed by T₂ (ovulation, 80±10%, fertilization, 70.25±2.22%, hatching and 85.65±1.80%) and T₁ (ovulation, 73.33±5.77, fertilization, 66.23±1.56% and hatching, 72.75±2.06%). The survival rate of fry was highest in T₃ (65.9±1.09%) followed by T₂ (60.75±2.00%) and T₁ (55.5±2.46%). It was observed that, the mixture of probiotic with feed was more suitable for higher growth and GSI. 2.0 g probiotic (VC-7, Team aqua corporation, Taiwan) and 20 g molasses for 5 L of water were found better results for induced breeding of A. testudineus.

Keywords: Indigenous climbing perch, Domestication, Growth performance, GSI, induced breeding, Pituitary gland extract

Location: Shamgonj beel, Netrokona district, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Koi/Climbing, Vitamin

Objectives:

To domesticate and develop a suitable induced breeding technique of A. testudieus under cage culture system using probiotic and vitamin C.

Methodology:

Pond preparation: Before fish stocking all ponds were dewatered and kept for sun drying for 20-30 days. Dyke was repaired and digging was done into bottom of the pond. Water depth was maintained at 2-3 meter all the year round. Lime was applied 1kg per decimal in three treatments (Pond-1, Pond-2, and Pond-3) to reduce acidity. Cow dung and urea were applied to increase the production of phytoplankton and zooplankton to fulfill the need of nutrition both for growing fish fry and brood fish. Collection of fish samples: Indigenous climbing perch (A. testudineus) were collected from Shamgonj beel, Netrokona district with the help of fishermen. Then they were brought to the Wet Laboratory Complex, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh and kept in fiber tank for acclimatization at 26-28°C through continuous water showering. After 2-3 hours of acclimatization, they were stocked into the cage for rearing. Stocking of wild perch using cage system in earthen pond: The collected indigenous climbing perch were stocked in nine cages in three different ponds (Pond 1, 2 and 3) each containing three cages of equal size (one cubic meter). In each cage 30 fingerlings were stocked and reared them up to their gonadal maturation. Feed formulation and feeding of stocked fish: Three supplementary feeds such as supplementary feed (35% protein) mixed with vitamin C, only supplementary feed (35% protein), and supplementary feed (35% protein) with probiotic (VC-7) were used and these three feeds were considered as treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3, respectively. As each feed was applied to three cages in each pond, the cages were considered as replication like R₁, R₂ and R₃. Here, vitamin C was mixed with the supplementary feed at the rate of 200 mg kg^-1. Similarly, 2.0 g probiotic (VC-7, Team aqua corporation, Taiwan) and 20 g molasses were mixed with 5 L of water that was applied for consecutive three days. Probiotic contained Bacillus subtilis 1×109 CFU/g, Aerobacter sp. 1×103 CFU/g that was applied in every 15 days interval. Here, molasses was provided for bacterial growth of probiotic. Feeds were applied three times a day (8 am, 1 pm and 4 pm) at the rate of 5% body weight of fish. Analyses of water quality parameters: Water samples were collected between 09:00 and 10:00 am monthly from each pond surface to a depth of 20 cm. Water quality parameters such as water temperature, dissolve oxygen, pH, concentration of ammonia nitrogen and alkalinity were recorded. Water temperature (°C) from each pond was recorded by using a Celsius thermometer. Dissolved oxygen (mg/l) and pH were measured using a digital DO meter (HANNA, Model- HI 9146, Romania) and a direct reading digital pH meter (Milwaukee PH meter, Model-PH55/PH56, USA), respectively. Total alkalinity (mg/l) was determined titrimetrically according to the standard procedure and methods (APHA, 1992). Ammonia-nitrogen was measured by a UV VIS Spectrophotometer water analysis kit (DR 6000TM, USA). Samplings were done in every 15 days’ interval during the experimental period. Weight (g) and length (cm) were measured by using a digital electronic weighing scale (TANITA Corporation, China) and a measuring scale in each sampling day during the experimental period. Different growth parameters were calculated using the following formulae: i) Weight gain (g) = Final body weight – Initial body weight; ii) Length gain (cm) = Final body length – Initial body length; iii) The specific growth rate (SGR % per day) = [lnW2- lnW1 / T₂- T₁] × 100. Where, W1 = mean initial weight (g); W2 = mean final weight (g); T₁ = time at the start of the experiment; T₂ = time at the end of the experiment. Statistical analysis: The data obtained in the present experiments were analyzed statistically to see whether there was significant difference or not among the treatments. This was done by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test at 95% level of confidence.

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 18(1): 145–151, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.92166

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study revealed that the growth of A. testudineus might be satisfactory in cage system when fed with supplementary feed and treated with probiotics in water. However, domestication in cage plays an important role for gonadal maturation, seed production, growth and conservation of A. testudineus. Moreover, higher fertilization and hatching rates of indigenous climbing perch can be obtained by using probiotic during brood development. Additionally, present results of the breeding trials will give precise information to the hatchery operators as well as scientific community of the world. Hence, domestication in cage system of A. testudineus may be the baseline research for further investigation.

Knowledge Management: Journal