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A Study on Growth Performance of Nile Tilapia (oreochromis Niloticus) by Substituting Fish Meal with Soybean Meal in Diet

Mst. Arzu Pervin
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Halima Jahan
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Rabeya Akter
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Noore Safa Ema
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Zakir Hossain
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Replacement of fish meal with soybean meal is an effective way to relieve the pressure on fish meal as the supply of this feed ingredient is dwindling and certainly is not sustainable in long term at present levels in commercial feeds. This study was conducted to assess the growth performance (length, weight, specific growth rate) of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by replacing the percentage of fish meal with soybean meal in formulated diets. Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) fry were collected from Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh and treated with five formulated diets D₁, D₂, D₃, D₄, D₅ respectively containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% soybean meal as a replacement of fish meal. Forty O. niloticus having an initial weight of 6.60±0.13 g and initial length of 5.42±0.17 cm were fed these diets twice a day for 6 months. For growth analysis, length and weight of the fish were recorded at 30 days interval for 6 months. Significantly higher (P<0.001) body weight was observed in D₁ (SBM 0) and D₂ (SBM 25) groups at 90, 120, 150 and 180 days; and in D₃ (SBM 50) and D₄ (SBM 75) groups at 150 and 180 days compared to D₅ (SBM 100) group. Significantly higher (P<0.05) body length was observed in D₁ (SBM 0) and D₂ (SBM 25) groups at 180 days compared to D₅ (SBM 100) group These results suggest that the replacement of FM up to 75% with SBM showed better growth performance in Nile tilapia (O. niloticus).

Keywords: Growth performance, Soybean meal, Length, Weight gain, Nile tilapia

Location: The Mini Hatchery Complex of Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tilapia, Feed

Objectives:

To determine a research on replacement of FM with SBM as an ingredient of fish feed in order to make steady supply of aquafeeds for aquaculture designed.

Methodology:

Site of experiment: The site of the experiment was the Mini Hatchery Complex of Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. Proximate analysis of feed and feed ingredient was analyzed at the Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, BAU, Mymensingh.

Physico-chemical parameters of water: During the entire experimental period the temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH of water were monitored regularly. Water temperature of the cisterns was recorded with digital thermometer at 7 days interval. DO was determined using dissolved oxygen meter (Model: DO-5509, China) at 7 days interval. Water pH was measured by using portable digital pH meter (HI 98127, China) at 7 days interval.

Source of Nile tilapia fry and feed ingredients: Nile tilapia fry (O. niloticus) was a generous gift from Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh and upon arrival at the faculty were stocked in the cisterns of Mini Hatchery Complex, adjacent to the Faculty of Fisheries, BAU, Mymensingh. Continuous water circulation was provided in a closed system and maintained at 18 cm depth. Fish were offered formulated diet prepared with ingredients that were collected from Mymensingh town. Cod Liver oil was bought from local Kamal-Ranjit Market, BAU campus, Mymensingh. Feed ingredients were used for the formulation of diet for the fish. Feeding and growth observation of tilapia: The formulated diet was allowed to store in a freezer for later use. Formulated diet was provided to fish twice daily, once in the early morning and next at afternoon.

Five diets were formulated as D₁, D₂, D₃, D₄, D₅ containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% of SBM as a replacement of FM. Feeding trial was continued for 6 months and length and weight of fish were observed at 30 days intervals. Evaluation of growth performance The variables of growth performance were calculated as follows:
Weight gain (WG; g) = W_f−W_i; Specific growth rate (SGR; % d⁻¹) = (lnW_f - lnW_i)/× 100. Hepatosomatic index (HSI; %) = weight of liver (g)/W_t × 100. Viscerosomatic index (VSI; %) = weight of viscera (g)/W_t ×100. Where W_i and W_f are the initial and final body weights (g) at the beginning and end of the feeding trial, respectively; and Wt indicates total weight of fish.

Statistical analysis: Waller Duncan multiple test range as post-hoc were performed considering a 5 % significant level by using SPSS ver. 11.5 computer software program.

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 18(1): 152–156, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.94754

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings in this study showed that replacing up to 75% of FM with SBM exerted a positive effect on growth performances of O. niloticus.

Knowledge Management: Journal