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Exploration of Fishing Gears and Temporal Distribution of Fish Species at Shibsa River, Paikgachha, Bangladesh

Prosun Roy
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Suprakash Chakma
Department of Fisheries Technology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was undertaken to ascertain fishing gear and craft uses, fish catch composition of the particular gear along with the identification of available fish species of Shibsa River, South-Western Bangladesh for a period of 12months from January to December, 2018.From the present study, 15 distinct fishing gears under 8 major groups including berj al, chandi jal and current jal were dominantly encountered. Precisely 60 fish species (55 finfish and 5 covered fish) were listed covering 28 families of which Cyprinidae was found as most dominant having 13 species followed by Bagridae, Channidae, Clupeidae, Siluridae, Gobiidae, Palaemonidae, Ambassidae, Cichlidae and the rest of the families having only one single species under a single genera for each. This study also depicted 8 endangered (14%), 5 vulnerable (8%), 33 least concern (55%), 8 near threatened (13%) and 6 not evaluated (10%) species out of 55 finfish and 5 covered fish species. Due to incognizance and over exploitation on fish with small mesh size net, species diversity of this river is under threat. So, public awareness and compatible knowledge on use of suitable fishing gears with suitable mesh size could contribute to sustainable fisheries in this river and betterment in livelihood of the fishermen in the surrounding area.

Keywords: Fishing gears, Fishing crafts, Fish Species, Shibsa River

Location: The Shibsa River located at Paikgachha, Khulna, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-01-2018

End Date: 31-12-2018

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Fish, Diseases

Objectives:

To identify fishing exploitation, fishing crafts, catch composition, fish diversity and their conservation status of Shibsa River has become pivotal aspect and to investigate the fish fauna of the river to present fish species diversity for the improvement, sustainable exploitation and management of the fisheries resources.

Methodology:

Study area and duration: The present investigation was carried out in the Shibsa River located at Paikgachha, Khulna beside fish landing center. Geographical location of the study area is 22°35'18" N latitudes and 89°20'12" E longitudes. About 27 km of the Shibsa River crosses Paikgachha upazila and it connects with the Pasur River inside the Sundarbans Reserve Forest. The study was conducted for a period of 12 months from January to December, 2018. Data was collected personally through face to face interviews. Data collection: A total number of 200 fisher’s fishing in the Shibsa River of different locations was selected for questionnaire interview. Data collection section was divided into two terms named as primary and secondary data considering to accomplish the work precisely. Primary data collection For collecting primary data, a well-structured questionnaire having two parts (fishing gears and fishing crafts and fish diversity) was designed. Study of fishing gears and crafts: Fishing gears and fishing crafts operated at Shibsa River by fisher’s were studied by direct physical observation. The process of direct observation was attending with the fishermen in their fishing crafts during fishing gears operation to catch fish diversity. A 30 cm long measuring scale was used as a tool to measure mesh size of existing fishing gears. Shape of fishing gears were also observed when the gears left at the ground for drying purpose. Price per square foot of specific and presented gears were studied from the fishermen as well as local fishing gears trader for more specifications of data on pricing. Data were also noted on fish species by direct observation during collecting gears from river water with fish and then measured all species without sorting with a digital balance to know catch composition of specific gear in Kilogram. During collecting info on fishing gears, records were also through on the fishing crafts as a media of operating fishing gears. Direct observation was conducted to record data on fishing crafts like shape (length, weight and height in cm), constructions material, durability and purpose of crafts. Fish diversity study: Freshly caught unsorted samples of different gears were collected and then sorted species wise with the help of fisher’s. Local name of each individual freshly samples were recorded from the fishermen as well as from Aradtar. Secondary data: After regular field study, the primary data were compared with the available secondary data to make a precise and composite picture of the present study area. Books, journals, Upazila Fisheries Officer (UFO) etc. were used to modify and accurate the information. The collected fishing gears were categorized under different major groups following Ahmed (1961). Fish sample of different gears were identified and classified into two major group’s finfish and covered fish group and then taxonomically characteristics followed by Talwar and Jhingran (1991) and Rahman (2000). Scientific name, habitat and life pattern were studied with the help of Froese and Pauly (2019). Data processing and analysis: All collected data were accumulated to analyze. Tabular technique was applied by using simple statistical tools like averages and percentages. For processing and analyzing the data “Microsoft Excel-2013” was used. After processing and calculating carefully, most acceptable data was transferred to a master sheet from which classified tables were prepared revealing the finding of the study. Then it was presented in textual, tabular and graphical form for easy understanding of present findings.

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 18(1): 157–164, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.94755

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The Shibsa River is very important for fisheries resources in the South - Western part of Bangladesh. The river plays a vital role for maintaining the fisheries diversity. Under the group of gill net, seine net, push net, cast net, ber jal, current jal, chandi jal, sutar jal, jhaki jal were the most available and prominent fishing gear used by the fishermen. Among the different fishing gear, ber jal, current jal, chandi jal, could be considered as commercial fishing gear due to their maximum catch composition and being higher in size and price. Incisively, 60 fish species including 55 finfish and 5 covered fish were recorded covering 28 families. However, different smaller mesh size and non-selected fishing gears especially current jal and jagat ber jal were responsible for destroying fishing habitats in this river. As a consequence, biodiversity is decreasing gradually in the Shibsa River. Proper initiatives should be taken into consideration by Government, stakeholder, NGOs and local policy makers for effective fisheries diversity management of the Shibsa River.

Knowledge Management: Journal