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Residual Effect of Raw Material of Chitosan Powder on Chemical Properties of Soil Under Rice-rice Cropping System

Amena Sultana
Senior Scientific Officer, Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Mostarak Hossain Munshi
Department of Soil Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Md. Kamruzzaman
Department of Soil Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

ASM Fazle Bari
Department of Soil Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Mohammad Issak
Department of Soil Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka1207, Bangladesh, during 2015-2016, to investigate residual effect of raw material of chitosan (CHT) powder on chemical properties of rice growing soils. The field experiment was done using BRRI dhan29. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The first experiment was done using four different doses of the raw material of CHT powder with one control. The treatments were as follows: T₁= 0.5 t/ha, T₂ = 1.0 t/ha, T₃ = 2.0 t/ha, T₄ = 4.0 t/ha and T₅ = 0 t/ha. The second experiment was conducted in the same plot using the following treatments were T₁= Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 0.5 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer, T₂ = Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 1.0 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer, T₃ = Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 2.0 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer, T₄ = Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 4.0 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer and T₅ = Residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder @ 0 t/ha + recommended N (control). The total nitrogen content, soil pH, organic carbon and organic matter status in the post-harvest-soils were increased due to the residual effect of the powder in rice growing soils. The maximum value of the pH (7.01), organic carbon content (0.72%), and organic matter content (1.24%) in the post-harvest soils were found in the treatment T₄ and lowest values were observed in the control treatment (T₅). From the results it could be concluded that some of the chemical properties of rice growing soils were improved due to the residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder. Residual nitrogen value indicates that the raw material of CHT powder has a slow releasing effect of organic nitrogen supplementation in soil. These results suggest that the residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder could play a significant role to improve the sustainable soil health.

Keywords: Rice, Raw chitosan, Soil Chemical properties, Residual effect

Location: The research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka1207, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-2015

End Date: 00-05-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice, Soil Health

Objectives:

To investigate the residual effect of chitosan powder on the chemical properties of rice growing soils.

Methodology:

Experimental site and soil: The experiments were carried out during the period from July 2015 to May 2016 at the field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. The experiment was conducted under the Agro-ecological zone of “The Modhupur Tract” (AEZ-28) having the general soil type of Shallow Red Brown Terrace soils under Tejgaon Soil Series. The location of the experimental site was situated at 23°77´N latitude and 90°33´E longitude at an altitude of 8.6 meter from the mean sea level. The following properties of the initial soil were analyzed. Experimental design and treatments: Two consecutive experiments were carried out in the same plot following randomized complete block design (RCBD). The experiment was done having five treatments with four replications. The first experiment was done using the four different doses of the raw material of CHT powder with one control. The treatments were as follows: T₁= 0.5 t/ha, T₂ = 1.0 t/ha, T₃ = 2.0 t/ha, T₄ = 4.0 t/ha and T₅ = 0 t/ha. Residual effects of the raw material of CHT powder were examined as the second experiment in the same plot using the following treatments: T₁= Residual effect of the powder @ 0.5 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer, T₂ = Residual effect of the powder @ 1.0 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer, T₃ = Residual effect of the powder @ 2.0 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer, T₄ = Residual effect of the powder @ 4.0 t/ha (applied in the previous experiment) + 2/3rd of recommended N fertilizer and T₅ = Residual effect of the powder @ 0 t/ha + recommended N (control). The raw material of the CHT powder was applied at the final land preparation stage in the first experiment only. Plant materials: The experiment was carried out using BRRI dhan29. It is a super high yielding verity of Bangladesh having 95 cm height. Average life cycle of the verity is 160 days and average yield performance is 7.5 t ha^-1 (Modern Rice Cultivation, 2018). The amylase content of this variety is 29.5%. Fertilizer management: The experimental plots were fertilized following the recommendation of Bangladesh fertilizer recommendation guide. The ureas, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MoP), gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied @ 150, 58, 58, 38 and 10 kg/ha, respectively. The entire amounts of triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied as basal dose at the time of transplanting of seedlings. Urea was applied as three equal splits. No Urea was applied during land preparation. The first split of urea was applied after the seedling recovery, second split was applied at the maximum tillering stage and third split was applied at 7 days before panicle initiation stage. For transplantation 35 days old seedlings were used in the experiment. All the intercultural operations were done as per the requirements. Soil sample collection and chemical analysis: Soil samples were collected from the upper most 15 cm of the research area. The initial soil samples, post harvest soil samples of the first experiment and post harvest soil samples of the second experiment were collected and used for chemical properties analysis in the Departmental laboratory of Soil Science, Sher-eBangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. Soil pH was measured with the help of a glass electrode pH meter method using soil suspension of 1:2.5 as described by Jackson (1962). Organic carbon in soil was determined by wet oxidation method of Walkley and Black (1934), soil total nitrogen was determined using micro Kjeldahl method, available phosphorus was determined by olsen method, exchangeable potassium was determined by ammonium acetate extraction method, available sulphur was determined by Barium chloride extraction method. Weather condition of the experimental period: The weather data was collected from the Bangladesh meteorological department, meteorological complex, Agargaon, Dhaka-1207. The maximum relative humidity and rainfall was recorded in the month of November (81%) and May (272 mm), respectively. The highest and lowest temperatures were recorded in the month of April (34.5 ⁰C) and January (12.2 ⁰C), respectively. Collection and Preparation of the raw material of CHT powder Dried shrimp shshards were used as the raw material of CHT powder were collected from the Khulna region of Bangladesh. Milling the dried shrimp shards and sieving the powder using 30 mesh sieves to prepare the usable raw material of the CHT powder. Analytical results of the CHT powder revealed that a number of essential (macro and micro elements) were available in the CHT powder. The powder is a good sources of organic nitrogen, organic carbon and alkaline in nature. Statistical analysis: The collected data were compiled and analyzed statistically using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and the mean differences were adjudged by LSD test using the statistical computer package program, Statistics 10.

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 7, No. 1, April 2020: 33-42. ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In agriculture, use of the raw material of CHT powder is a new chapter and can be used as an alternative source of organic N which increases efficiency of applied inorganic N and can be contributed to increase the N content of rice growing soils of Bangladesh. Besides that, the residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder had a profound influence on morphological, reproductive, yield attributes and grain yield of BRRI dhan29. The residual effect of the powder also has a positive effect on the increaser of organic nitrogen, organic carbon, organic matter and pH of the rice growing soils. Among all the treatments T₄ perform best compare to the control treatment and other treat. But in case of non significant parameters the treatment may differ. The research was conducted to clarify the residual effect of the powder to the improvement the chemical properties of soils. Taken together, our results indicate that residual effect of the raw material of CHT powder could play a significant role to improve the sustainable soil health.

Knowledge Management: Journal