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Proximate and Micronutrient Analysis of Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato Leaves Grown in Sylhet Regions of Bangladesh

Mohammad Abdul Kuddus
Horticulture Development Officer, Suchana Project, WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Mahbubul Alam Miah
District Fisheries Specialist, Suchana Project, WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Gopal Chandra Datta
District Fisheries Specialist, Suchana Project, WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Ashoke Kumar Sarker
Project Manager, Suchana Project, WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mohammad Hasnal Alam
Fisheries Development of Officer, Suchana Project, WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mohammad Mehedi Hasan Khan
Professor
Dept. of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Sweet potato leaves are the traditional indigenous vegetables and most economically efficient source of micronutrients in terms of both land required and production costs per unit. This study aimed to compare and identify one variety rich with proximate, microelements and anti-oxidants from three high yielding sweet potato varieties viz. BARI SP-04, BARI SP -11 and BARI SP-12 including one local genotype leaves that helps provide leafy vegetables as well as micronutrients to poor community in lean vegetables production period of Sylhet regions. The tested varieties and genotype showed significant variation in different nutrient contents. In case of proximate composition the highest ether extract was found in BARI SP-11 (7.33% ±0.64 DW) and the lowest in BARI SP-04 variety (3.80% ± 0.42 DW). And the ash contents range was (12.05% ± 0.89 to 16.43% ± 1.02 DW), but the highest was recorded in BARI SP-12 and the lowest in BARI SP-04. In case of crude fiber the highest (19.99% ± 1.06 DW) was found in BARI SP-11 and the lowest (16.73% ± 0.62 DW) in local genotype. The microelements composition result revealed that BARI SP-04 reserved the highest (32.82 ± 4.5 mg 100 g^-1) Iron & (2.1± 0.5 mg 100 g-1) Zinc and the lowest (19.40 ± 2.5 mg 100 g^-1) Iron and (1.27 ± 0.2 mg 100 g-1) Zn in BARI SP-11 & local genotype respectively. However in case of phenolic compound, the highest 257.00 ± 10.3 mg TAE 100 g^-1 DW was found in local genotype followed BARI SP-11 and BARI SP-12 but the lowest amount 218.75 ± 7.8 mg TAE 100g^-1 DW was recorded in BARI SP-04. These results revealed that BARI SP-12 leaves reserved average standard proximate, microelements and antioxidant among the studied varieties and genotype. But all varieties leaves except local genotype contained essential nutrients which may favorably well to meet micronutrient deficiency especially lean vegetable production period for poor community in Sylhet region of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Anti-oxidant, Micronutrient, Sweet potato, Sylhet

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2018

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sweet potato

Objectives:

To find out suitable and potential variety with high micronutrient content involving women members of the marginal farming households that may plays a beneficial role for child and women health in Sylhet region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The study was carried out at two locations of Sylhet region during 2018-19 cropping season. Vines of three BARI developed sweet potato varieties viz. BARI SP-04, BARI SP-11 & BARI SP-12 were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur and local variety collected from the farmer of that area. Six farmers were selected from Nilgaon and Chamurakandi villages of Sylhet Sadar Upazila of Sylhet district. The collected vines were transplanted on 19 November 2018 at both locations having plot size of 10ft x 10ft with 3 replications following RCB design. Fertilizers were applied in the experimental plots @ 7025-90 kg/ha of N-P-K as a source of Urea, TSP, and MoP, respectively. Weeding, irrigation, earthing-up, vine lifting and other intercultural operations were done as and when necessary .For micronutrient analysis 3 twigs were picked from each plot with 3 replications and by this way 216 twigs collected from 24 plots randomly. Immediate after collection samples were packed with brown paper bag and sent to the laboratory of SRDI and SAU, Sylhet. Analytical methods: Several analyses were carried out: Total dry matter, Ash, Crude fiber, Ether extract, phenolic compounds, Tannins, Ascorbic acid, Iron and Zinc. The quantification of proximate composition was done by Association of Official Analytical Chemist (AOAC) 2000; and Fe & Zn atomic absorption spectrophotometer method (AOAC 2000, Model 200, Germany). Dry matter content was determined using oven; ash content was determined by the dry ash method in a muffle furnace by incineration of known sample (Naberthem Trade Mark, Germany at 550 ⁰C for 6 hours as per Ranganna (1991) and crude fiber was estimated by the gravimetric method and obtained from the loss in weight on ignition of dried residue (550 ⁰C for 6 hours) remaining after digestion of fat free with 1.25% each of sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide solution under specific condition. Ether extract was determined by Foss Soxtech 2046 apparatus (Soxtech Extractor) using petroleum ether (b.p. 40-60 ⁰C) with a known weight of the sample after completing boiling, rinsing and exhaustive extraction steps. Tannins were determined according to Khan and Chaudhry (2011) by the difference between total phenolics before and after mixing about 1 ml extract with 1 ml water and 0.1g polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). The mixtures were vortex mixed (Whirlimix, Fison Limited), incubated at 4⁰C for 30 min, centrifuged for 5 min and supernatants were collected. The supernatants were centrifuged again for 3 min to remove any remaining insoluble. About 0.1 ml aliquot of each this supernatant were mixed with 0.4 ml of water, 0.25 ml of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and 1.25 ml of sodium carbonate solutions (20%) and the absorbance of the resultant colour was read as described earlier. Total tannins were determined by subtracting the value of total phenol after using PVP from the value of total phenol before using the PVP. Tannic acid was used as a standard and the results were expressed as mg tannic acid equivalent g of sample DM. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine phenolic compound (Khan and Chaudhry, 2010). Extracts for the Phenolic compound determination were prepared by suspending 0.125 g samples in 6.25 ml of 75% aqueous acetone in test tubes. The contents of the test tubes were mixed at 5 minutes (min) intervals for 2 h and 20 min using a vortex mixer (Whirlimix, Fison Limited). Aliquots (1 ml) of each extract were mixed with 5 ml Folin-Ciocalteu reagent in 100 ml volumetric flasks that contained 70 ml of deionised water. After waiting for up to 8 min 15 ml of Na₂CO₃ solution (20%) were added. The volumetric flasks were then made up to volume with deionized water. After standing for 2 h at room temperature, the absorbance was read at a wavelength of 760 nm in the visible range of the spectrum using a UV/VIS-spectrophotometer (Biochrom Libra, S12). The estimation of phenolic compound in extracts was carried out in duplicate for all samples. Tanic acid was used as a standard and the results obtained were expressed as mg tanic acid equivalent per g of sample DM. To analyze Iron, Zn about 1 g dried and ground sample was placed into a Kjeldahl tube and 20 ml pure HNO₃ were added. The sample was digested in Kjeldahl digestion chamber at 100°C and the digested sample was diluted to the original volume of 20 ml with water. The samples were filtered through Whatman filter papers no 541 and the concentrations of selected minerals were determined with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) with Unicam 701 ICP-OES. The machine was calibrated over the relevant concentrations using individually certified standards obtained from Sigma- Aldrich, UK. Ascorbic acid was extracted by 3% metaphosphoric acid and acetic acid solution followed by titration with 2,6 Dichlorophenol Indophenol. The data were analyzed by using the Minitab 19 software. Experimental results were expressed as the mean ± standard Error (SE).

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 7, No. 1, April 2020: 43-50. ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the studied varieties and genotype, according to proximate and micronutrient content characters, BARI SP-12 reserved average standard proximate matters and microelements. And this variety is able to meet the Fe and Zn of young child and reproductive women in Sylhet regions. But other varieties leaves also contained essential nutrient except local genotype and can meet micronutrient deficiency during lean vegetable production period of poor community in Sylhet region of Bangladesh. Future Research: As the result was found from one year experiment, so for becoming a concrete decision, the experiment may be proceed adding with other nutrient content and BARI released new variety.

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