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Effect of Fungicides in Controlling Bulb Rot of Onion

K. M. Khalequzzaman
Principal Scientific Officer
Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

M. S. Monjil
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted in sick plot at Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh during Rabi season of 2017-18 to find out the effective control measure of basal or bulb rot of Onion. Bulb of BARI piaz 4 was used in this experiment. Six fungicides, healthy and fresh bulb and one control were the treatments. The lowest emergence (86.92%) of onion was recorded in control plots and the highest emergence (98.11%) was recorded in Bulb treatment and soil drenching with Amistar Top 325 SC. The lowest bulb rot incidence (8.76%) and highest disease reduction over control (70.52%) was obtained from Bulb treatment and soil drenching with Amistar Top 325 SC. The highest bulb rot incidence (29.72%) was obtained from untreated control plots which was followed by Healthy and fresh Bulb (25.59%). The highest number of capsules per plant (448.05), number of seeds per capsule (4.73), seed yield per plant (6.18 g) and yield (750.56 kg/ha) were obtained from Bulb treatment and soil drenching with Amistar Top 325 SC and the lowest of these parameters were obtained from untreated control. Among the fungicides, Amistar Top 325 SC (0.1%), Cabriotop (0.3%) and Provax 200 WP (0.25%) were found individually more effective to control basal or bulb rot of onion, enhance growth attributes and yield.

Keywords: Fungicides; Bulb Rot, Onion

Location: Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh

Start Date: 15-10-2017

End Date: 30-04-2018

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Fungicide

Objectives:

To find out the effective control measure of basal or bulb rot of Onion.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in sick plot at Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogura, Bangladesh during Rabi season of 2017-18 The experimental plot was prepared with five ploughings and cross ploughings followed by laddering to break the clods as well as to level the soil. The weeds and stubbles of previous crops were collected and removed from the soil. Cowdung @5 t/ha, N @115kg/ha, P @55 kg/ha and K @75 kg/ha were applied. The entire quantity of cowdung, P, ¼ N and ¼ K were applied during final land preparation. The rest N and K were applied in three equal splits at 30, 50 and 70 days after planting (DAP) (Anonymous, 2017a). The experiment was carried out following Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Size of the unit plots was 2.0 m × 1.2 m and plant spacing was 30 cm × 20 cm. Bulb of BARI Piaz 4 was used in the experiment. The eight treatments were T₁= Healthy and fresh Bulb, T₂= Bulb treatment and soil drenching with Cabriotop (Pyraclostrobin 5% + Metiram 55% WG) @0.3%, T₃= Bulb treatment and soil drenching with Autostin (Carbendazim) @0.25%, T₄= Bulb treatment and soil drenching with Folicur 430 SC (Tebuconazole) @0.1%, T₅= Bulb treatment and soil drenching with Provax 200 WP (Carboxin + Thiram) @0.25%, T₆= Bulb treatment and soil drenching with Companion (Carbendazim + Mancozeb) @0.2%, T₇= Bulb treatment and soil drenching with Amistar Top 325 SC (Azoxystrobin + Difenoconazole) @0.1% and T₈= Control. Bulbs of onion were dipped in prepared fungicides solution for 30 minutes before planting and dried over night by air. Treated bulbs were planted on 14 November, 2017. Crop base at soil level was also sprayed with the fungicides 5 times at an interval of 7 days from seedling to flowering stage. Four weeding were done at 30, 50, 70 and 90 days after emergence and four irrigation were also applied just after each weeding. Other intercultural operations were done to maintain the normal hygienic condition of crop in the field. Rovral 50 WP (0.2%) was sprayed five times at an interval of 10 days to control purple blotch and stemphylium blight of onion. Admire (0.05%) was sprayed for controlling thrips. The plots were inspected regularly to take observations on bulb rot of the crop. Dead plants were counted in the field. Disease plant parts were collected in the laboratory for identifying causal pathogens of bulb rot. The crop was harvested from 5-9 April, 2018. Data on emergence of bulb, bulb rot, length of flower stalk, number of umbels per plant, number of capsules per umbel, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, weight of seeds per plant and seed yield were recorded. The incidence of bulb rot of onion was recorded at every alternate day. The recorded data were analyzed statistically to find out the level of significance and the variations among the respective data were compared following Duncan’s Multiple Range Test for interpretation of the results (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: International Journal of Graduate Research and Review, 2020, Vol 6(2): 34-39.

Article Link (Online Journal): http://ijgrr.org/vol_6/Khalequzzaman_and_Monjil_6.2.pdf

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the fungicides, Amistar Top 325 SC (0.1%) and Cabriotop (0.3%) and Provax 200 WP (0.25%) were found individually more effective to control basal or bulb rot of onion, enhance growth attributes and yield. So, farmers and researchers may use Amistar Top 325 SC or Cabriotop or Provax 200 WP to decrease bulb rot incidence and increase seed yield of Onion.

Knowledge Management: Journal